2023, Número 1
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Enf Infec Microbiol 2023; 43 (1)
Coronavirus, de lo molecular a la clínica: una revisión
Roldán TMD, Cuartas AYS, Herrera AL, Castañeda PS, Coronado MG, Martínez SLM
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 56
Paginas: 35-41
Archivo PDF: 212.28 Kb.
RESUMEN
Los coronavirus son una familia de virus con reservorios animales, los cuales han generado infecciones en humanos
a lo largo de la historia. Desde finales de 2019 se evidenció un aumento significativo de infecciones por uno de ellos:
el SARS-COV-2, incluso la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) lo declaró pandemia. Este virus produce un síndrome
respiratorio agudo severo y afecta otros órganos debido a la interacción entre sus cuatro proteínas principales y
los receptores de las células humanas, principalmente al receptor de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina 2. Se
han descrito múltiples comorbilidades orgánicas y características clínicas como factores de riesgo para presentar
la infección de manera severa. Aunque se han planteado varios métodos diagnósticos de esta enfermedad, el ideal
es la implementación de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) de transcriptasa reversa. La producción de
vacunas que generen inmunidad contra este tipo de virus ha sido difícil debido a las mutaciones que presentan.
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