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2021, Número 3

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Rev Cubana Med Trop 2021; 73 (3)


Plantas peruanas de uso tradicional como fuente potencial de moléculas con actividad contra la COVID-19

Delgado-Paredes GE, Delgado-Rojas PR, Rojas-Idrogo C

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 68
Paginas: 1-19
Archivo PDF: 398.50 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: La situación actual de la COVID-19 es un gran problema para la población humana. En la actualidad, no hay medicamentos curativos disponibles en el mercado. Los investigadores están haciendo todo lo posible para producir fármacos con que luchar contra la enfermedad. Se están considerando varios esfuerzos basados en diferentes orientaciones del conocimiento científico y en las tecnologías para el tratamiento de la enfermedad. Desafortunadamente, ninguno de estos medicamentos funciona absolutamente contra la corriente pandémica. Por lo tanto, las moléculas bioactivas de plantas, animales y microorganismos podrían ser una mejor opción para tratar la COVID-19.
Objetivo: Revisar la literatura sobre especies de la flora del Perú utilizadas en el tratamiento de enfermedades respiratorias y destacar las plantas con posible producción de metabolitos secundarios y lectinas vegetales potencialmente útiles como alternativa frente a la COVID-19.
Métodos: Se revisaron artículos de literatura científica relacionados con el uso de la medicina tradicional en Perú, China e India para el tratamiento de enfermedades respiratorias, así como la información sobre lectinas vegetales y metabolitos secundarios con potencial utilidad contra la COVID-19.
Resultados: Se presenta una amplia relación de géneros y especies de la flora del Perú con gran potencial contra la COVID-19. La mayoría de estas especies pertenecen a las familias Asteraceae, Loranthaceae, Piperaceae, Viscaceae y Zingiberaceae. Numerosas especies son endémicas del Perú.
Conclusiones: La flora del Perú tiene más de 22 000 especies de plantas. Muchas de estas especies se utilizan tradicionalmente en el tratamiento de enfermedades respiratorias y pueden ser potencialmente útiles en el tratamiento de la COVID-19.


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