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Medicina & Laboratorio

2021, Número 3

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2021; 25 (3)


Ancho de distribución eritrocitaria como marcador asociado a riesgo de mortalidad en niños en cuidados intensivos

Rocha-Arrieta MC, De la Hoz-Bequis F, Guzmán-Corena Á, Muñoz-Mejía C, Castro-Dager Á

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 53
Paginas: 633-647
Archivo PDF: 107.43 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción. El ancho de distribución eritrocitaria (ADE) ha surgido recientemente como un biomarcador pronóstico de mortalidad y de otros resultados del paciente adulto crítico, pero en niños hay pocos reportes. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la asociación entre el ADE y el riesgo de mortalidad en niños que ingresan a una unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos (UCIP). Metodología. Estudio de cohorte prospectivo con 266 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión entre enero y septiembre de 2018. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó regresión logística multivariada para evaluar la asociación del ADE del primer día y la mortalidad. Se comparó el área bajo la curva ROC del ADE y del Índice Pediátrico de Mortalidad 2 (PIM2). Resultados. Se encontró que un ADE al ingreso mayor de 16,4% aumentaba la probabilidad de morir, con un OR de 2,6 (IC95% 1,17-5,9; p=0,019). La capacidad del ADE para discriminar mortalidad fue moderada (ROC 0,68; IC95% 0,59-0,76), menor que la del PIM2 (ROC 0,8; IC95% 0,73-0,86). El ADE y el PIM2 se correlacionaron de manera significativa, aunque débilmente (r=0,186; p‹0,002). La correlación entre ADE y los días libres de ventilación mecánica fue débil pero significativa (r=-0,23; p‹0,001). El ADE no se relacionó con los días de uso de medicamentos vasoactivos (r=0,042; p=0,63) ni con los días de estancia en UCIP (r=0,11; p=0,07). Conclusión. El ADE al ingreso se asoció con un riesgo moderado de mortalidad durante la estancia en UCIP. A pesar de que no demostró ser mejor que el PIM2 para pronosticar mortalidad, por ser un biomarcador asequible y de bajo costo, podría usarse en conjunto con PIM2 o con otros biomarcadores, con el fin de aumentar su capacidad predictiva en la mortalidad de los niños en cuidados intensivos. Se requieren más estudios que evalúen esta posibilidad en nuestro medio.


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