2022, Número 1
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salud ciencia tec 2022; 2 (1)
Destete ventilatorio: revisión sistemática
Quisbert E, Molinari N
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 29
Paginas:
Archivo PDF: 320.93 Kb.
RESUMEN
Introducción: la ventilación mecánica es un tratamiento de soporte vital, en el que utilizando una máquina que suministra un soporte ventilatorio y oxigenación, facilitamos el intercambio gaseoso y el trabajo respiratorio de los pacientes con insuficiencia respiratoria.
Objetivo: proponemos revisar de forma sistemática la literatura de más alto nivel de evidencia sobre el destete de la Asistencia Ventilatoria Mecánica.
Métodos: durante la redacción de esta revisión se siguió el método PRISMA.
Resultados: se encontraron 957 referencias, de las que se eliminaron 909 por no ser artículos empíricos, no abordar el objetivo de la revisión o no contar con el texto completo. Se incluyeron finalmente 48 artículos. La evidencia indica que el empleo de protocolos o guías estandarizadas de destete ayuda a disminuir la duración total (días) de la ventilación mecánica en una media del 25 %.
Conclusiones: el manejo óptimo de la ventilación mecánica y retiro requiere una decisión dinámica y colaborativa para minimizar las complicaciones y evitar demoras en la transición de la extubación, por lo que debemos tener en cuenta varios factores, como la facilidad de intubación inicial, la condición médica del paciente, el entorno dentro del que se llevará a cabo la extubación, el equipo que actúa en dicho proceso.
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