Alexánderson E, Gómez-Martín D, Benito I, Ruíz-Ramírez L, Ricalde A, Meave A

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 33
Paginas: 220-228
Archivo PDF: 124.43 Kb.

RESUMEN

En condiciones normales el metabolismo energético del corazón se basa en la oxidación de ácidos grasos y en menor proporción de carbohidratos. La función cardiaca depende del suplemento adecuado de trifosfato de adenosina (ATP) proveniente de dichos sustratos. Sin embargo, la fuente principal de energía está sujeta a modificación por factores tanto fisiológicos (ejercicio) como patológicos (isquemia-reperfusión). Recientemente, se ha puesto gran atención al papel de la carnitina como regulador del metabolismo de ácidos grasos y carbohidratos mediante la modulación de la relación intramitocondrial de acetil-CoA/CoA. Las alteraciones en el metabolismo de carbohidratos y ácidos grasos a nivel miocárdico se han asociado al desarrollo de diversas patologías cardiovasculares (cardiopatía isquémica, hipertrofia ventricular, y miocardiopatía dilatada) por lo cual el estudio del metabolismo cardiaco cobra gran relevancia para el diagnóstico, y pronóstico de estas patologías. Dentro de la práctica clínica, la tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET) es una de las técnicas más empleadas para la evaluación del metabolismo cardiaco. Los radiotrazadores más ampliamente empleados en imagen PET son 11C-palmitato, 11C-acetato y 18Fluoro-2-desoxiglucosa (FDG), los dos primeros se emplean para el estudio del metabolismo oxidativo de los ácidos grasos y la FDG nos permite estudiar el metabolismo de carbohidratos.

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