2022, Número 06
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Ginecol Obstet Mex 2022; 90 (06)
Alteración del perfil materno de adipocinas circulantes en preeclampsia
Saucedo R, Valencia-Ortega J, González-Reynoso R, Ramos-Martínez EG, Peña-Cano MI, Cruz-Durán JG
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 43
Paginas: 475-485
Archivo PDF: 253.68 Kb.
RESUMEN
Objetivos: Evaluar las concentraciones séricas maternas de las adipocinas: adiponectina,
adipsina, leptina, lipocalina-2, proteína quimioatrayente de monocitos-1, factor
de crecimiento nervioso, resistina y factor de necrosis tumoral alfa y su relación con
el índice de masa corporal previo al embarazo y la ganancia de peso gestacional en
mujeres con preeclampsia comparadas con mujeres sanas, y hacer un análisis de la
clasificación de preeclampsia en temprana y tardía.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio transversal, comparativo, retrolectivo, con muestreo
no probabilístico por conveniencia efectuado en pacientes atendidas en el Hospital de
Gineco-Obstetricia 3, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro
Social (IMSS). En el preoperatorio se tomó una muestra de sangre para determinar las
concentraciones séricas de las adipocinas mediante ensayos multianalito.
Resultados: Se estudió una muestra de 75 mujeres con embarazo sano y 44 con
preeclampsia (temprana n = 20, tardía n = 24). Solo las concentraciones de adipsina,
leptina y factor de necrosis tumoral alfa fueron mayores en preeclampsia que en el
embarazo sano [mediana (rango intercuartílico): 3.9 μg/mL (2.9-5.4) vs 2.5 µg/mL
(1.9-3.1), 10.6 ng/mL (6.0-19.1) en comparación con 7.1 ng/mL (3.8-12.4), 3.6 pg/mL
(2.7-5.8) vs 2.9 (2.3-3.5), respectivamente]. Las concentraciones de las adipocinas no se
correlacionaron con el índice de masa corporal previo al embarazo ni con la ganancia
de peso gestacional. No hubo diferencias significativas en las concentraciones entre
los subtipos de preeclampsia.
Conclusión: En el tercer trimestre del embarazo la preeclampsia se asocia con un
perfil sérico de adipocinas alterado, caracterizado por concentraciones elevadas de
adipsina, leptina y factor de necrosis tumoral alfa, que no se relaciona con el índice
de masa corporal previo al embarazo, la ganancia de peso gestacional y el subtipo
de preeclampsia.
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