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Antes Revista del Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias

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2022, Número 1

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Neumol Cir Torax 2022; 81 (1)


Factores psicológicos asociados a la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica: una revisión narrativa

Hernández-Pérez A, Vargas-Núñez I, Pérez-Padilla R, Ramírez-Venegas A

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 31
Paginas: 35-40
Archivo PDF: 236.56 Kb.


RESUMEN

La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es la tercera causa principal de muerte a nivel mundial, y la carga de la enfermedad aumenta por múltiples comorbilidades, incluidos algunos trastornos psicológicos, como ansiedad y depresión, entre otros. Esta interacción entre la salud mental y la EPOC se ha convertido en un tema de intenso estudio en los últimos años. Nuestro objetivo fue describir los factores psicológicos asociados con la EPOC, la interacción de factores que conducen a un impacto en la enfermedad y analizar las alternativas de tratamiento e intervención efectivas disponibles. Se realizó una búsqueda de literatura narrativa en PubMed y Cochrane Library, utilizando una técnica de búsqueda de bola de nieve para identificar artículos publicados sobre el tema. Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos originales relevantes con énfasis en los años 2015-2021. Fue relevante el énfasis de un equipo multidisciplinario de apoyo a los pacientes con EPOC, resulta relevante la evaluación de factores psicológicos asociados a la enfermedad, especialmente ansiedad y depresión. Los tratamientos disponibles, incluidas las intervenciones psicológicas, demostraron una mejora en la calidad de vida, adherencia a los tratamientos, reducción de hospitalizaciones, sintomatología y exacerbaciones.


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