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2002, Número 1-2

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Rev Hosp M Gea Glz 2002; 5 (1-2)


Neuropatía diabética

Martínez Conde FA, Paredes FCM, Zacarías CR

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 77
Paginas: 7-23
Archivo PDF: 185.78 Kb.


RESUMEN

La neuropatía diabética es la más común de las complicaciones microvasculares de la diabetes mellitus, siendo causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad asociada a la enfermedad. La prevalencia del desorden aumenta notablemente conforme pasan los años de diagnóstico de diabetes: según Sima y Sugigoto la prevalencia es cercana a 100% si se considera la neuropatía subclínica no sintomática. A pesar de tratarse de un complejo heterogéneo de padecimientos, la forma más habitual de expresión clínica es la de una polineuropatía simétrica distal sensorial a menudo asociada con polineuropatía autonómica. Las manifestaciones que provoca se dividen en dos grupos: Las rápidamente reversibles y los síndromes crónicos. Topográficamente estos últimos comprenden las polineuropatías simétricas, las neuropatías focales y multifocales. La principal causa de admisión hospitalaria (para pacientes diabéticos) sigue siendo el pie diabético, entidad en la que la polineuropatía es un importante promotor. La mortalidad aumenta notablemente cuando se asocia un componente autonómico (25-50% en 5–10 años). La patogenia del desorden es multifactorial.Propondremos algunos puntos estructurales y clínicos de utilidad para planear intervenciones terapéuticas


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