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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2021, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2021; 24 (1)


Panorama general de las adaptaciones metabólicas en el Orden Anura

Ruiz-Londoño D, Manrique-Barros S, Triana VLE

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 92
Paginas:
Archivo PDF: 273.25 Kb.


RESUMEN

En esta revisión se exponen de forma general las características del metabolismo del orden Anura (Fischer von Waldheim, 1813), reportadas desde mediados del siglo XX hasta la actualidad. Los Anura son calificados como organismos exitosos por poseer una amplia gama de mecanismos de adaptación a diferentes situaciones de estrés, posibles causas de la alta diversidad en este grupo. Se mencionan algunas adaptaciones en el proceso de asimilación de los carbohidratos con sus respectivos componentes fisiológicos, destacando la importancia de los corticosteroides en la activación de varias rutas metabólicas y la regulación de estos a través de factores como la temperatura y la estación anual. Se describen las principales funciones de los lípidos, las particularidades de las membranas y estrategias para eludir el estrés oxidativo, así como las adaptaciones del metabolismo de los compuestos nitrogenados y el almacenamiento de diversos alcaloides, la urea y su importancia en la osmorregulación posterior a la metamorfosis. Finalmente, se plantean perspectivas respecto a futuras investigaciones sobre la bioquímica de estos organismos.


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