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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2021, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2021; 24 (1)


Efecto de la aplicación de estiércoles composteados en la movilidad de las fracciones químicas del Cu en un suelo contaminado con residuos mineros

Mendoza-Jiménez MN, Quintero-Soriano RI, Duarte ZVM, Carrasco-Hernández V

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 37
Paginas:
Archivo PDF: 231.69 Kb.


RESUMEN

El intemperismo de los residuos mineros con alto contenido de sulfuros metálicos participa en la liberación y la movilidad de los metales pesados, siendo uno de los principales factores de riesgo para el medioambiente y la salud pública. En este trabajo se utilizaron dos tipos de estiércol para evaluar su efecto en las fracciones químicas móviles o biodisponibles del Cu en un suelo contaminado con los residuos mineros. Se realizó un experimento usando un suelo contaminado artificialmente con 25% de residuos mineros de Zimapán, al que se agregaron dosis crecientes de estiércol composteado de vaca y de cerdo (0, 3, 6, 12 y 24%). La concentración pseudo-total del Cu se determinó por espectrofotometría de absorción atómica después de una digestión ácida, mientras que las fracciones químicas del Cu se determinaron a partir de extracciones secuenciales. Los resultados obtenidos presentaron una concentración pseudo-total elevada de Cu en los residuos mineros y baja en el suelo y en ambos tipos de estiércol. En los tratamientos con mayor aplicación de estiércol de cerdo se presentó una disminución de la concentración del Cu soluble-intercambiable y un aumento de la concentración del Cu fuertemente unida a la fracción orgánica. Mientras que con el de vaca se registraron concentraciones más elevadas del Cu soluble-intercambiable y el incremento de la fracción del Cu débilmente unida a la fracción orgánica.


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