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Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía

2021, Número 3

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Arch Neurocien 2021; 26 (3)


Síndrome acento extranjero en Esclerosis Múltiple, revisión y presentación de un caso

Barriga-Maldonado V, Posadas-Pinto DR, Cruz-Guillermo M, López-Hernández DC, Treviño-Frenk I

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 82
Paginas: 40-48
Archivo PDF: 482.92 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción. El Síndrome de Acento Extranjero (SAE) una entidad rara, los pacientes desarrollan cambios en el ritmo y tono del habla (prosodia), percibidos como un acento diferente al de su lengua natal. Existen tres tipos de SAE: neurogénico, psicogénico y mixto. El SAE es infrecuente en EM, y aún más como primera manifestación. Objetivo. Revisión del SAE, tipos, fisiopatología y presentación en EM y evolución. Desarrollo. Las lesiones corticales en EM se correlacionan con deterioro cognitivo, discapacidad motora, síntomas psiquiátricos, alteraciones del lenguaje y crisis epilépticas. La mayoría de los casos publicados de SAE han sufrido lesión en el hemisferio dominante, en corteza prerrolándica y áreas adyacentes, áreas motoras frontales de asociación, en putamen, ganglios basales, fosa posterior (protuberancia, cerebelo), por diferentes 2 etiologías siendo la más frecuente la vascular. Presentamos el caso clínico de una mujer de 44 años que presenta como primera manifestación SAE interpretado inicialmente como infarto cerebral en quien finalmente se concluyó el diagnóstico de EM. Ha tenido mejoría parcial de los síntomas con la rehabilitación fonoaudiológica. Conclusiones. SAE es infrecuente como primer síntoma de EM. Debe considerarse la etiología desmielinizante en pacientes jóvenes, con escasos o sin factores de riesgo vascular y apoyarse en estudios complementarios de neuroimágen para su diagnóstico.


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