2000, Número 1
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Rev Mex Patol Clin Med Lab 2000; 47 (1)
Liberación de endotoxinas inducida por antibióticos. Revisión bibliográfica
Laria LRE
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 32
Paginas: 38-44
Archivo PDF: 84.95 Kb.
RESUMEN
El uso de antibióticos para combatir los procesos infecciosos provocados por bacterias gramnegativas constituye una estrategia importante en el tratamiento de estas enfermedades. Sin embargo, investigaciones en las ultimas décadas han revelado que existe liberación de endotoxinas inducida por la acción del antibiótico y que existe variación considerable entre las diferentes clases de antibióticos para inducir esta liberación de endotoxinas. Los lipopolisacáridos libres de las paredes celulares bacterianas pueden interactuar con los receptores de membrana de las células del sistema inmunológico como los neutrófilos y macrófagos, los que al ser excesivamente activados producen niveles deletéreos de citoquinas mediadoras de la inflamación como la IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNFα, que pueden contribuir al agravamiento del estado del paciente. Esta liberación de endotoxinas está relacionada con la manera en la cual los antibióticos interactúan con proteínas presentes en las paredes celulares del microorganismo y los cambios morfológicos que se producen en las bacterias. Tanto los estudios
in vitro como los experimentos en animales
in vivo han brindado evidencias de este fenómeno, aunque la importancia clínica del mismo no está esclarecida.
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