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2021, Número 2

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Rev Hematol Mex 2021; 22 (2)


Administración de plasma convaleciente en pacientes con COVID-19

Macedo-Reynada JD, Ventura-Enríquez Y

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 45
Paginas: 97-110
Archivo PDF: 318.33 Kb.


RESUMEN

En el momento actual, no existen opciones terapéuticas específicas o vacuna contra la enfermedad por SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). La opción con plasma convaleciente resulta atractiva, dados sus precedentes en pandemias previas, su rápida disponibilidad y su bien conocido perfil de bioseguridad. Se propone la eficacia del uso de inmunidad pasiva mediante la transfusión de plasma convaleciente a través de distintos mecanismos de acción (neutralización, citotoxicidad mediada por anticuerpos, activación del complemento, inmunomodulación). La administración de plasma convaleciente está aprobada en pacientes con datos de gravedad o criterios de complicabilidad. Los resultados disponibles de experiencias internacionales y locales demuestran adecuado perfil de bioseguridad (menos de 1% de eventos adversos graves reportados). La evidencia de la eficacia de la intervención es limitada a no más de seis series de casos, destacando la necesidad de una administración temprana, un seguimiento estrecho de variables de desenlace y la comunicación de series más robustas y con mayor fortaleza metodológica. En nuestro país diversos grupos están realizando esfuerzos colaborativos o metacéntricos, lo que ayudará a dilucidar la relevancia de esta intervención en un panorama aún complejo de una epidemia que se encuentra en su cenit sin que se cuente con herramientas específicas para su tratamiento.


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