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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2021, Número 4

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Med Int Mex 2021; 37 (4)


Aspectos clínicos y fisiopatológicos del pie diabético

Díaz-Rodríguez JJ

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 76
Paginas: 540-550
Archivo PDF: 268.88 Kb.


RESUMEN

El pie diabético es una complicación crónica de la diabetes que consiste en lesiones en los tejidos profundos de las extremidades inferiores asociadas con trastornos neurológicos y enfermedad vascular periférica. Es una de las causas más frecuentes de hospitalización en personas con diabetes mellitus y la principal causa de amputación no traumática. Sus principales mecanismos fisiopatológicos se relacionan con la neuropatía diabética y la enfermedad arterial periférica que condicionan deformidad y predisponen la estructura del pie a la lesión secundaria a traumatismo por alteraciones de las cargas normales del pie. La prueba de monofilamento, así como el índice tobillo-brazo, son pruebas útiles para el diagnóstico temprano de la neuropatía y de la enfermedad arterial oclusiva. La infección es un factor agravante que junto con la isquemia aumenta el riesgo de complicaciones y de amputación.


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