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Tabla 1: Receptores de las células de la inmunidad innata y efecto de los componentes de M. tuberculosis. |
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A) Receptores de las células de inmunidad innata y sus ligandos micobacterianos. |
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Célula |
Receptor |
Antígenos de M. tuberculosis |
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Macrófago |
TLRs RM CD91, calreticulina |
LM, LAM, ManLAM, PIM, Hsp60/65, DNA y RNA LAM ManLAM, MBL |
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DC |
TLRs DC-SIGN |
LM, LAM, ManLAM, PIM, Hsp60/65, DNA, RNA ManLAM |
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NK |
NKp44 NKp46 NKp30 NKG2D TLR-2 |
MA, mAPG, AG M. bovis BCG
M. bovis BCG PG |
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B) Efecto de los antígenos de M. tuberculosis sobre los mecanismos de defensa. |
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Mecanismo de defensa |
Antígeno que favorece |
Antígeno que inhibe |
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Fagocitosis |
PPE57 |
PIMs, ManLAM, PKG, PtpA, EIS |
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Autofagia |
ESAT-6, c-di-AMP |
EIS, SapM, LrpG, PDIM |
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Apoptosis |
LpqH, PE _PGRS3 3, ESAT- 6, OppD, PstS1, Rv0183, Rv0901, PE9/PE10, Mce4A |
PtpA, NuoG, PknE, SecA2, SodA, SigH, MPT64, Rv3354 |
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Inflamosoma |
EsxA, Mtb DNA |
Zmp1 |
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AG = arabinogalactano. c-di-AMP = cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate. DC = células dendríticas. EIS = enhanced intracellular survival. ESAT-6 = early secreted antigenic target of 6 kDa. LAM = lipoarabinomanano. LM = lipomanano. LrpG = leucine-responsive regulatory protein G. MA = ácidos micólicos. ManLAM = lipoarabinomanano monosilado. mAPG = micolil-arabinogalactan-peptidoglicano. MBL = lectina unida a manosa. Mce4A = mammalian cell entry complex 4A. MPT64 = M. tuberculosis Protein 64. NK = natural killers. NuoG = subunit of NADH dehydrogenase type I. OppD = oligopeptide permease D. PDIM = phthiocerol dimycocerosates. PE9/PE10 = protein proline-glutamate 9/10. PG = peptidoglicano. PIM = fosfatidil inositol manósido. PKG = protein kinase G. PknE = protein kinase E. PPE57 = protein proline-proline-glutamate 57. PstS1 = phosphate-specific transport substrate binding protein-1. PtpA = protein tyrosine phosphatase. RM = receptor de manosa. SapM = secretory acid phosphatase. SigH = Sigma factor H. TLR = receptores tipo Toll. Zmp1 = zinc metalloprotease. |
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