Table 7: Airway cleaning /bronchial hygiene.

Technique

Advantages

Comment /

disadvantage

Directed cough

Cheap, simple

Chest

pain may limit

Regular exercise

Economical, strengthens respiratory and peripheral muscles

 

Autogenous breathing

Control your breathing

Requires patient cooperation

Forced expiration

Helps control breathing

Requires patient learning

Thoracic physiotherapy (CPT; postural drainage, mechanical or manual thoracic percussions)

Most tested in cystic fibrosis

Needs assistant, difficult to place, hypoxemia, sometimes worsens gastroesophageal reflux

Positive expiratory pressure (PEP)

Easy, cheap

Device needs cleaning

Oscillatory PEP (e.g., acapella device with flutter valve)

Easy, economical, adds vibration to the airways

Device needs cleaning

High frequency chest wall oscillation vest with inflatable bladder

Extensive experience

Pain may limit; needs power outlet

High frequency chest wall oscillation vest with mechanical oscillators

Doesn’t hurt compared to inflatable bladder

May be mobile; small batteries in vest; closest to CPT

CPT = chest physical therapy.