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Table 5: Summary of the studies included for the qualitative review with methodology used and methodological quality. |
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|
Main author |
Title |
Level of evidence |
Grade of recommendation |
Type of study |
Intervention |
|
Auer Arthur I.17 |
Surgery for necrotic bites of the brown spider |
III-1 |
C |
Non-randomized clinical trial |
Surgical treatment* |
|
Rees Riley S.18 |
Brown recluse spider bites. A comparison of early surgical excision versus dapsone and delayed surgical excision |
III-1 |
C |
Non-randomized clinical trial |
Surgical treatment* vs. dapsone |
|
Staneff John19 |
Presentation of an effective protocol for the treatment of myodermonecrolysis due to cutaneous loxoscelism |
IV |
D |
Case series |
Surgical treatment |
|
Maguiña Ciro20 |
Dapsone (DDS) in cutaneous loxoscelism |
II |
B |
Randomized clinical trial |
DDS (phyaminodiphenyl-sulfone) vs chlorpheniramine |
|
Maguiña Ciro21 |
New therapeutic schemes in cutaneous loxoscelism in Lima, Peru |
II |
B |
Randomized clinical trial |
Dapsone (DDS) vs chlorphenamine |
|
Rees Riley S.22 |
The diagnosis and treatment of brown recluse spider bites |
II |
B |
Randomized clinical trial |
Dapsone vs. anti-loxosceles serum |
|
Borrasca- Fernandes Carla23 |
Temporal evolution of dermo-necrosis in loxoscelism |
III-2 |
C |
Cohort |
Anti-loxosceles serum |
|
Malaque Ceila M.S.24 |
Impact of antivenom administration on the evolution of cutaneous lesion loxoscelism |
III-2 |
C |
Cohort |
Anti-loxosceles serum |
|
Isbister Geoffrey K.25 |
Funnel-web spider bite. A systematic review of recorded clinical cases |
III-3 |
C |
Systematic review |
Anti-loxosceles serum |
|
Manriquez Juan J.26 |
Cutaneous and cutaneous-visceral loxoscelism: a systematic review |
III-3 |
C |
Systematic review |
Combination therapy‡ |
|
Hobbs Gregory D.27 |
Comparison of hyperbaric oxygen and dapsone therapy for Loxosceles envenomation |
II |
B |
Randomized clinical trial |
Hyperbaric oxygen vs. dapsone |
|
Phillips Scott28 |
Therapy of brown spider envenomation. A controlled trial of hyperbaric oxygen, dapsone, and cyproheptadine. |
II |
B |
Randomized clinical trial |
Hyperbaric oxygen vs. dapsone vs. cyproheptadine |
|
Maynor M.L.29 |
Brown recluse spider bites. Beneficial effects of hyperbaric oxygen |
II |
B |
Randomized clinical trial |
Hyperbaric oxygen |
|
Hadanny Amir30 |
Non-healing wounds caused by brown spider bites: application of hyperbaric oxygen therapy |
III-1 |
C |
Non-randomized clinical trial |
Hyperbaric oxygen |
|
Del Puerto Constanta31 |
Experience in cutaneous and visceral cutaneous loxocellularism |
IV |
D |
Case series |
Combination therapy‡ |
|
Mold James W32 |
Management of brown recluse spider bites in primary care |
IV |
D |
Case series |
Combination therapy‡ |
|
Schenone H33 |
Loxoscelism in Chile: epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies |
IV |
D |
Case series |
Combination therapy‡ |
|
Wong S. Lindsey34 |
Loxoscelism and negative pressure wound therapy (vacuum-assisted closure): A clinical case series. |
IV |
D |
Case series |
Negative pressure (vacuum-assisted closure) |
|
Chrysostomou D35 |
Spider bite wounds can silver help |
IV |
D |
Case series |
Nanocrystalline silver |
|
* Surgical treatment: decompressive fasciotomies, necrosectomies, and posterior coverage (flaps and grafts). ‡ Combined therapy: dapsone, chlorphenamine, systemic corticosteroids, antibiotics, antihistamines. |
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