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2020, Number 1

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Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter 2020; 36 (1)

Rare cases of e14a3 (b3a3) BCR-ABL fusion in chronic myeloid leukemia in Cuba

Ruiz MV, Díaz ACA, Amor VAM, Fernández ML, Garrote SH

Language: Spanish
References: 21
Page: 1-8
PDF size: 544.90 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Chronic myeloid leukemia is a malignant clonal disorder of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome, which is the product of a reciprocal translocation between the long arms of chromosomes 9 and 22. The result of this chromosomal alteration is a fusion gene that contains the e13a2 (b2a2) and e14a2 (b3a2) junctions. In most cases, chronic myeloid leukemia cells express one of the two transcripts (b2a2 or b3a2); however, 5% of patients have both types of mRNA, as a result of alternative junctions. Other transcripts have been identified, such as e19a2, e2a2, e1a3, e6a2, e13a3 (b2a3), and e14a3 (b3a3), which occur less frequently.
Objective: To describe the behavior of two patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who have an atypical BCR-ABL transcript.
Clinical cases: In a qualitative molecular study of polymerase chain reaction carried out with two patients, a BCR-ABL fusion gene breakpoint was observed, which corresponded to the e14a3 (b3a3) transcript. These patients started treatment with imatinib mesylate at a dose of 400mg/d. At two months, the first patient had a diagnose of blast crisis, so the treatment was changed to nilotinib at a dose of 400mg/d, which the patient maintained to date. The second patient maintained the same treatment, although it was sometimes necessary to incorporate cytoreductive treatment with hydroxyurea due to leukocytosis.
Conclusions: Patients with BCR-ABL a3 present a more benign evolution of the disease. However, a satisfactory response to treatment was not observed in the patients studied, as long as they presented various complications.


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