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Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán

2020, Number 3

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Rev Biomed 2020; 31 (3)

Significance of fetal microchimerism in autoimmune diseases

Arias-Ruiz LF, Contreras-Cárdenas J, Mondragón-Ratkovich P, Ramos-Ibarra ML, Torres-Bulgarin O

Language: Spanish
References: 68
Page: 149-158
PDF size: 492.82 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Often, during pregnancy, an export of cells occurs, including some cells of the immune system, from the mother to the fetus and from the fetus to the mother. These pluripotent cells, when crossing the placental barrier and entering the host’s body, can settle in different organs and persist for decades. So, an individual might possess a small population of cells and thus nucleic acids from another genetically different individual. This phenomenon is known as microchimerism (MC). The consequences of the MC are not clear, but it is suggested that it could have beneficial or harmful effects, or it could have no effect at all, it could even be the case that these three hypotheses are not mutually exclusive, depending on the circumstances. On the other hand, childbearing-age women have a higher risk than men of developing an autoimmune disease and this risk is significantly higher on the first year after parturition. There is evidence that MC may be associated with the development of some autoimmune diseases, because of immature chimeric T cells within host tissues could be activated and release inflammatory cytokines and chemokines that are involved in autoimmune processes. So, the objective of this paper is to show the evidence that supports the theory that MC is related to autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren’s syndrome, systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis.


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