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Medicina & Laboratorio

2012, Number 05-06

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2012; 18 (05-06)

Primary aldosteronism: the forgotten one in patients with early-onset hypertension, and difficult control, approach and management

Alzate MDC, Vásquez MM

Language: Spanish
References: 63
Page: 211-227
PDF size: 848.59 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Primary aldosteronism is a disease characterized by autonomous excess production of aldosterone, which results in the suppression of renin levels, often causing hypertension and hypokalemia. Primary hyperaldosteronism is more common than previously thought. The high prevalence causes damage to the cardiovascular system and kidneys, and the fact that a diagnosis and treatment can correct the hypertension and hypokalemia justifies the search of primary hyperaldosteronism in many patients with hypertension. When primary aldosteronism is suspected, screening tests should be performed; the recommended test is the aldosterone to renin ratio. Subsequently, the diagnosis should be confirmed by any of the available methods, such as the oral sodium loading test and saline infusion test, among others. After confirming the diagnosis, the next step is to determine the subtype of primary aldosteronism, which is important in determining the most appropriate treatment. Finally, imaging studies should be carried out to identify possible lesions in the adrenal glands.


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