Collado‑Chagoya R, Cruz‑Pantoja RA, Hernández‑Romero J, León‑Oviedo C, Velasco‑Medina AA, Velázquez‑Sámano G, Chávez‑Ortega SG

Language: Spanish
References: 23
Page: 296-301
PDF size: 293.41 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Local anesthetics are chemicals that block the conduction of the nerve impulse, producing reversible and predictable insensitivity in an area of the body, without altering consciousness. Local anesthetics are widely used in dentistry, minor surgery procedures, urgencies, urology, orthopedics, dermatology and obstetric procedures. The most common adverse effects involve vasovagal or toxic reactions (not immunologically mediated) and side effects caused by the inclusion of epinephrine with the local anesthetic. However, an increase in the reporting of Allergic Reactions to the use of Local Anesthetics has now been reported, previously being reported as rare with an incidence of less than 1%. Case series: Three cases of allergic reactions to anesthetics are described, being in the three cases immediate hypersensitivity reactions and one severe reaction (anaphylaxis), having in two patients the previous exposure to local anesthetics and two patients having allergy to another drug, describing its diagnostic and therapeutic protocol. Considering the local anesthetics are one of the most commonly used drugs in the intra and extrahospital medical field and the Adverse Effects can be fatal, it is necessary to know the type of associated adverse effects, as well as the conditions that can condition the appearance and treatment of an allergic reaction (history of atopy, allergy to other drugs, cross reactivity between local anesthetics).

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