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ISSN 0188-9796 (Print)

2006, Number 3

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Rev Endocrinol Nutr 2006; 14 (3)

The hormonal treatment for control symptoms

Canto de Cetina TE

Language: Spanish
References: 111
Page: 171-176
PDF size: 81.71 Kb.


Text Extraction

No abstract


REFERENCES

  1. Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T, et al. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. JAMA 1998; 280: 605-613.

  2. Herrington DM, Reboussin DM, Brosnihan KB et al. Effects of estrogen replacement on the progression of coronaryartery atherosclerosis. N Engl J Med 2000; 343: 522-529.

  3. Writing Group for the Women’s Health Initiative Investigators. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the

  4. Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002; 288; 321-333.

  5. Women’s Health Initiative Steering Committee. Effects of conjugate equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy: the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004; 291: 1701-1712.

  6. The North American Menopause Society (NAMS). Report from the NAMS Advisory panel on Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy. The North American Menopause Society. October 3, 2002. Menopause 2003; 10: 6-12.

  7. Michels KB, Manson JE. Postmenopausal hormone therapy. A reversal of fortune. Circulation 2003; 107: 1830- 1833.

  8. Hays J, Ockene JK, Brunner RL, Kotchen JM, Manson JE, Patterson RE, Aragaki A, Shumaker A, Brzyski RG, LaCroix AZ, Granek IA, Valanis Bg, for the Women’ Health Initiative Investigators. New Engl J Med 2003; 348: 1839-1854.

  9. Coope J. Hormonal and non-hormonal interventions for menopausal symptoms. Maturitas 1996; 23: 159-168.

  10. Greendale GA, Reboussin BA, Hogan P et al. Symptom relief and side effects of postmenopausal hormones: results from the postmenopausal estrogen/progestin interventions

  11. trial. Obstetrics and Gynecology 1998; 92: 982-988. 10. Farrell E. Medical choices available for management of menopause. Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2003; 17: 1-16.

  12. Kronenberg F. Hot flashes: epidemiology and physiology. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1990; 592: 52-86.

  13. Sturdee DW, Wilson KA, Pipili E, Crocker AD. Physiological aspects of menopausal hot flush. BMJ 1978; 2: 79-80.

  14. Freedman R. Physiology of hot flushes. Am J Human Biol 2001; 13: 453-464.

  15. Shanafelt TD, Barton DL, Adjei AA, Loprinzi CL. Pathophysiology and treatment of hot flashes. Mayo Clin Proc 2002; 77: 1207-1218.

  16. Stearns V, Ullmer L, Lopez JF, Smith Y, Issacs C, Hayes DF. Hot flushes. Lancet 2002; 360: 1851-1861.

  17. MacLennan A, Lester S, Moore V. Oral estrogen replacement therapy versus placebo for hot flushes: a systematic review. Climacteric 2001; 4: 58-74.

  18. Supplement Obstet Gynecol 2004; 14: 106S-117S.

  19. Potts RO, Lobo RA. Transdermal drug delivery: Clinical considerations for the Obstetrician-Gynecologist. Obstet Gynecol 2005; 105: 953-961.

  20. Grady D, Gebretsadik T, Kerlikowske K et al. Hormone replacement therapy and endometrial cancer: a metaanalysis. Obstetrics and Gynecology 1995; 85: 304-313.

  21. Montplaisir J, Lorrain MD, Denesle R, Petit D. Sleep in menopause: differential effects of two forms of hormone replacement therapy. Menopause 2001; 8: 10-16.

  22. Wren BG, McFarland K, Edwards P et al. Effect of sequential transdermal progesterone cream on endometrium, bleeding pattern, and plasma and salivary progesterone levels in postmenopausal women. Climacteric 2002; 3: 155-160.

  23. Castelo-BrancoC, Cancelo MJ, Villero J, Nohales F, Juliá. Management of post-menopausal vaginal atrophy and atrophic vaginitis. Maturitas 2005; 52S: S46-S52.

  24. Palacios S, Castelo-Branco C, Cancelo MJ, Vazquez F. Low dose, vaginally administered oestrogens may enhance local benefits of systemic therapy in the treatment of urogenital atrophy in post-menopausal women on hormone therapy. Maturitas 2005; 50: 98-104.

  25. Keenan NL, Franks AL, Croft JB, Scholes D, Murray ET. Vaginaloestrogen creams: use patterns among a cohort of women. J Am Geriatr Soc 1999; 47: 65-70.

  26. Akrivis Ch, Varras M, Thodos A, Hadjopoulos G, Bellou A, Antoniou N. Action of 25 microg 17beta-oestradiol vaginal tablets in the treatment of vaginal atrophy in Greek postmenopausal women: clinical study. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 2003; 30: 229-234.

  27. Cardozo L, Bachmann G, McClish D et al. Meta-analysis of estrogen therapy in the management of urogenital atrophy in postmenopausal women: second report of the hormones and urogenital therapy committee. Obstet Gynecol 1998; 92: 722-727.

  28. Dudley EC, Hopper JL, Guthrie JR, Burger HG. A prospective population-based study of menopausal symptoms. Obstet Gynecol 2000; 96: 351-358.

  29. Heimer G, Englund DE. Effect of vaginally administered estriol on post-menopausal urogenital disorders: a cytohormonal study. Maturitas 1992; 14: 171-179.

  30. Fraser IS, Ayton R, Farrell E, Weisberg E, Darling G, Murkies A. A multicenter Australian trial of low dose oestradiol therapy for symptoms of vaginal atrophy using a

  31. vaginal ring as delivery system. Maturitas 1995; 22(Suppl.): S41.

  32. Santen RJ, Pinkerton JV, Conaway M et al. Treatment of urogenital atrophy with low-dose oestradiol: preliminary results. Menopause 2002; 9: 179-187.

  33. Eriksen PS, Rasmussen H. Lowdose 17[beta] oestradiol vaginal tablets in the treatment of atrophic vaginitis: a double blind placebo controlled study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1992; 44: 137-144.

  34. Vooijs GP, Geurts TB. Review of endometrial safety during intravaginal treatment with estriol. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1995; 62: 101-106.

  35. Ayton RA, Darling GM, Murkies AM et al. A comparative study of safety and efficacy of continuous lowdose oestradiol released from a vaginal ring compared with conjugated

  36. equine oestrogen vaginal cream in the treatment of postmenopausal urogenital atrophy. Brit J Obstet Gynaecol 1996; 103: 351-358.

  37. Eriksen BC. A randomized, open, parallel-group study on the preventative effect of an estradiol-releasing vaginal ring (Estring) on recurrent urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999; 180: 1072-1079.

  38. Mulnard RA, Cotman CW, Kawas C et al. Estrogen replacement therapy for treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer disease. Journal of the American Medical Association 2000; 283: 1007-1015.

  39. Shumaker S, Legault C, Rapp SR et al. Estrogen plus progestin and the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women: the Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study, a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2003; 289: 2651-2662.

  40. Lokkegaard E, Pedersen AT, Laursen P, Loft IP, Larsen S, Jorgensen T. The influence of hormone replacement therapy on the aging-related change in cognitive performance: analysis based on a Danish cohort study. Maturitas 2002; 42: 209-218.

  41. Carlson MC, Zandi PP, Plassman BL et al. Hormone replacement therapy and reduced cognitive decline in older women: the Cache County Study. Neurology 2001; 57: 2210-2216.

  42. McBee WL, Dailey ME, Dugan E, Shumaker SA. Hormone replacement therapy and other potential treatments for dementias. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1997; 26: 329-345.

  43. Le Blanc E, Janowsky B, Chan Nelson H. HRT and cognition: systematic review and meta-analysis. N Engl J Med 2001; 285: 1489-1499.

  44. Burkhardt MS, Foster JK, Laws SM et al. Oestrogen replacement therapy may improve memory functioning in the absence of APOE epsilon4. J Alzheimers Dis 2004; 6: 221-228.

  45. Naftolin F, Schneider H, Sturdee D. Guidelines for the hormone treatment of women in the menopausal transition and beyond: position statement by the executive committee of the IntStefanick ML. Estrogens and progestins: background and history, trends in use, and guidelines and regimens approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Am J Med 2005; 118: 64S-73S.

  46. Stefanick ML. Estrogens and progestins: background and history, trends in use, and guidelines and regimens approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Am J Med 2005; 118: 64S-73S.

  47. Sarrel PM, Dobay B, Wiita B. Estrogen and estrogen-androgen replacement in postmenopausal women dissatisfied with estrogen-only therapy: sexual behaviour and neuroendocrine responses. Journal of Reproductive Medicine 1998; 43: 847-856.

  48. Buster JE. Aging, androgens, and female desire: can we restore what time takes away? Sexuality Reproduction & Menopause 2005; 3: 3-7.

  49. Lobo RA, Rosen RC, Yang HM et al. Comparative effects of oral esterified estrogens with and without methyltestosterone on endocrine profiles and dimensions of sexual function in postmenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire. Fetil Steril 2003; 79: 1341-1352.

  50. Davis SR, McCloud P, Strauss BJ, Burger H. Testosterone enhances estradiol’s effects on postmenopausal bone density and sexuality. Maturitas 1995; 21: 227-236.

  51. O’Leary AJ, Tejura H. Medical management of menorrhagia. Reviews in Gynaecological Practice 2005; 5: 159-165.

  52. Irvine GA, Cameron IT. Medical management of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 1999; 13: 189-202.

  53. Rees MCP, Barlow DH. Quantitation of hormone replacement induced withdrawal bleeds. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1991; 98: 106-107.

  54. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. The initial management of menor Hurskainen R, Teperi J, Rissanen P et al. Clinical outcomes and costs with the evonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system or hysterectomy for treatment of menorrhagia. J Am Med Assoc 2004; 291: 1456-1463.

  55. Hurskainen R, Teperi J, Rissanen P et al. Clinical outcomes and costs with the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system or hysterectomy for treatment of menorrhagia. J Am Med Assoc 2004; 291: 1456-1463.

  56. Modelska K, Cummings S. Tibolone for postmenopausal women: systematic review of randomized trials. J Clin Endocr and Metab 2002; 87: 16-23.

  57. Davis SR. The effects of tibolone on mood and libido. Menopause 2002; 3: 162-170.

  58. Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T, et al. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. JAMA 1998; 280: 605-613.

  59. Herrington DM, Reboussin DM, Brosnihan KB et al. Effects of estrogen replacement on the progression of coronaryartery atherosclerosis. N Engl J Med 2000; 343: 522-529.

  60. Writing Group for the Women’s Health Initiative Investigators. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002; 288; 321-333.

  61. Women’s Health Initiative Steering Committee. Effects of conjugate equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy: the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004; 291: 1701-1712.

  62. The North American Menopause Society (NAMS). Report from the NAMS Advisory panel on Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy. The North American Menopause Society. October 3, 2002. Menopause 2003; 10: 6-12.

  63. Michels KB, Manson JE. Postmenopausal hormone therapy. A reversal of fortune. Circulation 2003; 107: 1830-1833.

  64. Hays J, Ockene JK, Brunner RL, Kotchen JM, Manson JE, Patterson RE, Aragaki A, Shumaker A, Brzyski RG, LaCroix AZ, Granek IA, Valanis Bg, for the Women’ Health Initiative Investigators. New Engl J Med 2003; 348: 1839-1854.

  65. Coope J. Hormonal and non-hormonal interventions for menopausal symptoms. Maturitas 1996; 23: 159-168.

  66. Greendale GA, Reboussin BA, Hogan P et al. Symptom relief and side effects of postmenopausal hormones: results from the postmenopausal estrogen/progestin interventions trial. Obstetrics and Gynecology 1998; 92: 982-988.

  67. Farrell E. Medical choices available for management of menopause. Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2003; 17: 1-16.

  68. Kronenberg F. Hot flashes: epidemiology and physiology. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1990; 592: 52-86.

  69. Sturdee DW, Wilson KA, Pipili E, Crocker AD. Physiological aspects of menopausal hot flush. BMJ 1978; 2: 79-80.

  70. Freedman R. Physiology of hot flushes. Am J Human Biol 2001; 13: 453-464.

  71. Shanafelt TD, Barton DL, Adjei AA, Loprinzi CL. Pathophysiology and treatment of hot flashes. Mayo Clin Proc 2002; 77: 1207-1218.

  72. Stearns V, Ullmer L, Lopez JF, Smith Y, Issacs C, Hayes DF. Hot flushes. Lancet 2002; 360: 1851-1861.

  73. MacLennan A, Lester S, Moore V. Oral estrogen replacement therapy versus placebo for hot flushes: a systematic review. Climacteric 2001; 4: 58-74.

  74. Supplement Obstet Gynecol 2004; 14: 106S-117S.

  75. Potts RO, Lobo RA. Transdermal drug delivery: Clinical considerations for the Obstetrician-Gynecologist. Obstet Gynecol 2005; 105: 953-961.

  76. Grady D, Gebretsadik T, Kerlikowske K et al. Hormone replacement therapy and endometrial cancer: a metaanalysis. Obstetrics and Gynecology 1995; 85: 304-313.

  77. Montplaisir J, Lorrain MD, Denesle R, Petit D. Sleep in menopause: differential effects of two forms of hormone replacement therapy. Menopause 2001; 8: 10-16.

  78. Wren BG, McFarland K, Edwards P et al. Effect of sequential transdermal progesterone cream on endometrium, bleeding pattern, and plasma and salivary progesterone levels in postmenopausal women. Climacteric 2002; 3: 155-160.

  79. Castelo-BrancoC, Cancelo MJ, Villero J, Nohales F, Juliá. Management of post-menopausal vaginal atrophy and atrophic vaginitis. Maturitas 2005; 52S: S46-S52.

  80. Palacios S, Castelo-Branco C, Cancelo MJ, Vazquez F. Low dose, vaginally administered oestrogens may enhance local benefits of systemic therapy in the treatment of urogenital atrophy in post-menopausal women on hormone therapy. Maturitas 2005; 50: 98-104.

  81. Keenan NL, Franks AL, Croft JB, Scholes D, Murray ET. Vaginaloestrogen creams: use patterns among a cohort of women. J Am Geriatr Soc 1999; 47: 65-70.

  82. Akrivis Ch, Varras M, Thodos A, Hadjopoulos G, Bellou A, Antoniou N. Action of 25 microg 17beta-oestradiol vaginal tablets in the treatment of vaginal atrophy in Greek postmenopausal women: clinical study. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 2003; 30: 229-234.

  83. Cardozo L, Bachmann G, McClish D et al. Meta-analysis of estrogen therapy in the management of urogenital atrophy in postmenopausal women: second report of the hormones and urogenital therapy committee. Obstet Gynecol 1998; 92: 722-727.

  84. Dudley EC, Hopper JL, Guthrie JR, Burger HG. A prospective population-based study of menopausal symptoms. Obstet Gynecol 2000; 96: 351-358.

  85. Heimer G, Englund DE. Effect of vaginally administered estriol on post-menopausal urogenital disorders: a cytohormonal study. Maturitas 1992; 14: 171-179.

  86. Fraser IS, Ayton R, Farrell E, Weisberg E, Darling G, Murkies A. A multicenter Australian trial of low dose oestradiol therapy for symptoms of vaginal atrophy using a vaginal ring as delivery system. Maturitas 1995; 22(Suppl.): S41.

  87. Santen RJ, Pinkerton JV, Conaway M et al. Treatment of urogenital atrophy with low-dose oestradiol: preliminary results. Menopause 2002; 9: 179-187.

  88. Eriksen PS, Rasmussen H. Lowdose 17[beta] oestradiol vaginal tablets in the treatment of atrophic vaginitis: a double blind placebo controlled study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1992; 44: 137-144.

  89. Vooijs GP, Geurts TB. Review of endometrial safety during intravaginal treatment with estriol. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1995; 62: 101-106.

  90. Ayton RA, Darling GM, Murkies AM et al. A comparative study of safety and efficacy of continuous lowdose oestradiol released from a vaginal ring compared with conjugated equine oestrogen vaginal cream in the treatment of postmenopausal urogenital atrophy. Brit J Obstet Gynaecol 1996; 103: 351-358.

  91. Eriksen BC. A randomized, open, parallel-group study on the preventative effect of an estradiol-releasing vaginal ring (Estring) on recurrent urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999; 180: 1072-1079.

  92. Mulnard RA, Cotman CW, Kawas C et al. Estrogen replacement therapy for treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer disease. Journal of the American Medical Association 2000; 283: 1007-1015.

  93. Shumaker S, Legault C, Rapp SR et al. Estrogen plus progestin and the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women: the Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study, a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2003; 289: 2651-2662.

  94. Lokkegaard E, Pedersen AT, Laursen P, Loft IP, Larsen S, Jorgensen T. The influence of hormone replacement therapy on the aging-related change in cognitive performance: analysis based on a Danish cohort study. Maturitas 2002; 42: 209-218.

  95. Carlson MC, Zandi PP, Plassman BL et al. Hormone replacement therapy and reduced cognitive decline in older women: the Cache County Study. Neurology 2001; 57: 2210-2216.

  96. McBee WL, Dailey ME, Dugan E, Shumaker SA. Hormone replacement therapy and other potential treatments for dementias. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1997; 26: 329-345.

  97. Le Blanc E, Janowsky B, Chan Nelson H. HRT and cognition: systematic review and meta-analysis. N Engl J Med 2001; 285: 1489-1499.

  98. Burkhardt MS, Foster JK, Laws SM et al. Oestrogen replacement therapy may improve memory functioning in the absence of APOE epsilon4. J Alzheimers Dis 2004; 6: 221-228.

  99. Naftolin F, Schneider H, Sturdee D. Guidelines for the hormone treatment of women in the menopausal transition and beyond: position statement by the executive committee of the IntStefanick ML. Estrogens and progestins: background and history, trends in use, and guidelines and regimens approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Am J Med 2005; 118: 64S-73S.

  100. Stefanick ML. Estrogens and progestins: background and history, trends in use, and guidelines and regimens approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Am J Med 2005; 118: 64S-73S.

  101. Sarrel PM, Dobay B, Wiita B. Estrogen and estrogen-androgen replacement in postmenopausal women dissatisfied with estrogen-only therapy: sexual behaviour and neuroendocrine responses. Journal of Reproductive Medicine 1998; 43: 847-856.

  102. Buster JE. Aging, androgens, and female desire: can we restore what time takes away? Sexuality Reproduction & Menopause 2005; 3: 3-7.

  103. Lobo RA, Rosen RC, Yang HM et al. Comparative effects of oral esterified estrogens with and without methyltestosterone on endocrine profiles and dimensions of sexual function in postmenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire. Fetil Steril 2003; 79: 1341-1352.

  104. Davis SR, McCloud P, Strauss BJ, Burger H. Testosterone enhances estradiol’s effects on postmenopausal bone density and sexuality. Maturitas 1995; 21: 227-236.

  105. O’Leary AJ, Tejura H. Medical management of menorrhagia. Reviews in Gynaecological Practice 2005; 5: 159-165.

  106. Irvine GA, Cameron IT. Medical management of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 1999; 13: 189-202.

  107. Rees MCP, Barlow DH. Quantitation of hormone replacement induced withdrawal bleeds. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1991; 98: 106-107.

  108. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. The initial management of menor Hurskainen R, Teperi J, Rissanen P et al. Clinical outcomes and costs with the evonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system or hysterectomy for treatment of menorrhagia. J Am Med Assoc 2004; 291: 1456-1463.

  109. Hurskainen R, Teperi J, Rissanen P et al. Clinical outcomes and costs with the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system or hysterectomy for treatment of menorrhagia. J Am Med Assoc 2004; 291: 1456-1463.

  110. Modelska K, Cummings S. Tibolone for postmenopausal women: systematic review of randomized trials. J Clin Endocr and Metab 2002; 87: 16-23.

  111. Davis SR. The effects of tibolone on mood and libido. Menopause 2002; 3: 162-170.




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