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2017, Number 16

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waxapa 2017; 9 (16)

Risk factors related to low birth weight: cases and controls design

Medina CL, Romero GAJ, Paredes EC, González AIJ

Language: Spanish
References: 22
Page: 18-22
PDF size: 105.50 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate some risk factors of low birth weight in our clinic.
Methods: We studied 123 mothers treated at the delivery suite in our clinic and their newborns (NB). We obtained 2 groups of NB: cases (n=41) with birth weight ‹2500 gr. and controls (n=82) with birth weight ›2500 gr. We performed anthropometric measurements to all NB and obtained information on gestational age, ethnic group and perinatal conditions. Variables in the mothers included weight, length, body mass index (BMI), scholarship, weight gain during pregnancy, socioeconomic, and marital status. We also evaluated quality of medical care.
Results: The gestational age was lower in cases than controls (35.6 ± 3.7 vs. 39.2 ± 1.1 weeks; p ›0.001) respectively. Birth weight (2056 vs. 3328 g.), length (44.2 vs. 50.5 cm), cephalic perimeter (31.7 vs. 34.4cm.) were lower in cases than in controls respectively. There were 51 cesarean sections (30 vs. 21; p‹0.0001) for cases and controls respectively. All the NB were mestizos mother`s age was 25.7 ± 6.7 years in group I compared with 25.8 ± 5.7 years in group II (p ‹ 0.05). The offspring number was 2.4 y group I and 2.0 in group II. BMI tended to be higher in the group of cases. We did not show differences in scholarship, marital, or socioeconomic status between the groups. Quality of medical care was inadequate in 22/41 cases vs. 36/82 controls (p ‹ 0.05 OR 1.2 IC95% 0.78 – 2.1). The pregnancy interval was higher in group I (29.0 ± 35.8 months) than in group II (27.9 ± 30.5 months). There was not difference in obstetric and pathological antecedents between groups.
Conclusions: The cause of low birth weight was preterm delivery, likely related to cesarean section. In those NB with low birth weight for gestational age, quality of medical care influenced significantly as well as pregnancy interval.


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