Luz CF, De Losso SE, Galbiatti JA, Muriano SMV, Palacio GMG, Cardozo SE

Language: Spanish
References: 38
Page: 1-23
PDF size: 644.59 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The Shroud of Turin is a linen cloth that is said to be the burial cloth of Jesus. This shroud has marks of a dead man, flagellated, crowned with thorns, who was pierced by a sharp object on the left side of his chest and was crucified. It is one of the most studied objects in history.
Objective: To describe the traumatic-orthopedic injuries suffered by the man in Shroud of Turin in his condemnation and crucifixion.
Methods: We used twelve articles from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Lilacs, Scielo databases. We used keywords such as “Injuries" and "Turin Shroud". Seven sentinel articles and three study books related to the Shroud of Turin were added. The materials used were published before June 30, 2018. The search was not restricted in terms of content, dates or languages of publication.
Results: The main findings were head injuries derived from a crown of thorns; miosis, enophthalmia and palpebral ptosis, caused by a brachial plexus injury; the dislocation in his right shoulder, due to violent trauma; perforation in the thorax, due to the penetration of a spear and perforated injuries in his fists and feet by the placement of the nails.
Conclusions: Injuries to the head (crown of spines, nasal and maxillofacial cartilage), neck and upper limbs (brachial plexus, shoulder dislocation, median and/or ulnar nerve injury and puncture in the fists) have been described. The thorax (perforation by spear and excoriations), in the abdomen (excoriations), in the lower limbs (articular, patella trauma, ankle dislocation and perforation in the feet). Some hypotheses about the lesions described should be better elucidated in future research.

REFERENCES

1. The Shroud of Turin Website [Home Page on Internet]. La Sábana Santa de Turín [citado: 16/04/2018]. Disponible en: http://www.shroud.com/homespan.htm 2. Fanti G, Malfi P. The shroud of Turin: First Century after Christ! Singapore: Pan Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd.; 2015. p. 3-10, 97-124.

2. Antonacci M. The resurrection of the Shroud: New Scientific, Medical, and Archeological Evidence. New York: M. Evans; 2000. p. 1-13.

3. Barbet P. A Paixão de Cristo segundo o cirurgião. 13th ed. São Paulo: Cléofas e Edições Loyola; 2014. p. 20-50.

4. Wilson I. The shroud. London: Bantam; 2010. p. 25-384.

5. Fanti G. Hypotheses Regarding the Formation of the Body Image on the Turin Shroud. A Critical Compendium. Journal of Imaging Science and Technology. 2011;55(6):1-14.

6. Damon P, Donahue D, Gore B, Hatheway A, Jull A, Linick T, et al. Radiocarbon dating of the Shroud of Turin. Nature. 1989;337(6208):611-5.

7. Riani M, Atkinson A, Fanti G, Crosilla F. Regression analysis with partially labelled regressors: carbon dating of the Shroud of Turin. Statistics and Computing. 2012;23(4):551-61.

8. Rogers R. Studies on the radiocarbon sample from the shroud of turin. Thermochimica Acta. 2005;425(1-2):189-94.

9. Fanti G, Malfi P, Crosilla F. Mechanical ond opto-chemical dating of the Turin Shroud. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2015;36:01001.

10. Bevilacqua M, Fanti G, D’Arienzo M, De Caro R. Do we really need new medical information about the Turin Shroud? Injury. 2014;45(2):460-4.

11. Bevilacqua M, Fanti G, D’Arienzo M, Porzionato A, Macchi V, De Caro R. How was the Turin Shroud Man crucified? Injury. 2014;45:S142-S148.

12. Bíblia de Jerusalém. São Paulo: Paulus; 2002.

13. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman D. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLoS Medicine. 2009;6(7):e1000097.

14. Rodino N. Contributo ai pollici opposti alle palme della sindone di Torino. Minerva Medica. 1952;43(28):506-10.

15. Massey EW. An interpretation of the hand and arm marking of the Shroud of Turin. The Hand. 1980;12(1):75-80.

16. Clarkson J. A possible origin for the Turin shroud image. Medical Hypotheses. 1983;12(1):11-6.

17. Bucklin R. The Shroud of Turin: viewpoint of a forensic pathologist. Shroud Spectrum Int. 1984;13:3-8.

18. Tattoli L, Tsokos M, Buschmann C. Could the Shroud of Turin be an effect of post-mortem changes? Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology. 2014;10(3):469-71.

19. Caja V, Reverte-Vinaixa M. “Do we really need new medical information about the Turin Shroud?” published in Injury journal. Injury. 2014; 45:460-4.

20. Majorana A, Bardellini E, Gulino G, Conti G, Farronato G, Rodella L. The Turin Shroud face: the evidence of maxillo-facial trauma. Folia Morphologica. 2015;74(2):212-8.

21. Bevilacqua M, Fanti G, D’Arienzo M, De Caro R. Comments to the paper “Do we really need new medical information about the Turin Shroud?”. Injury. 2015;46(10):2074-8.

22. Bevilacqua M, D’Arienzo M. Medical News from Scientific Analysis of the Turin Shroud. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2015;36:03003.

23. Caja V, Boi M. The Evidence of Crucifixion on the Shroud of Turin Through the Anatomical Traits of the Lower Limbs and Feet. Archaeometry. 2018;60(6):1377-90.

24. Davis CT. The crucifixion of Jesus: the passion of Christ from a medical point of view. Ariz Med. 1965;22:183-7.

25. Lumpkin, R. The Physical Suffering of Christ. Journal of the Medical Association of Alabama. 1978;47:8-10.

26. Edwards WD, Gabel WJ, Hosmer FE. On the physical death of Jesus Christ. J Am Med Assoc. 1986;255(11):1455-63.

27. Svensson N. Medical and forensic aspects of the Man depicted on the Shroud of Turin. International Workshop on the Scientific approach to the Acheiropoietos Images (IWSAI) [Internet]. Frascati. 2010 [citado: 10/06/2018]. p. 1-6. Disponible en: http://www.acheiropoietos.info/proceedings/SvenssonWeb.pdf

28. Carlino E, De Caro L, Giannini C, Fanti G. Atomic resolution studies detect new biologic evidences on the Turin Shroud. PLOS ONE [Internet]. 2017 [citado: 10/06/2018];12(6):1-13. Disponible en: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0180487&type=printable

29. Bevilacqua M, Fanti G, D'Arienzo M. New Light on the Sufferings and the Burial of the Turin Shroud Man. Open Journal of Trauma. 2017;1(2):047-053.

30. Bevilacqua M, Concheri G, Concheri S, Fanti G, Rodella S. Rigor Mortis and News obtained by the Body’s Scienti fi c Reconstruction of the Turin Shroud Man. Peertechz Journal of Forensic Science and Technology [Internet]. 2018 [citado: 24/06/2018];4(1):001-8. Disponible en: https://www.peertechz.com/articles/rigor-mortis-and-news-obtained-by-the-body-s-scientific-reconstruction-of-the-turin-shroud-man.pdf

31. Zugibe F. The Crucifixion of Jesus, a Forensic Inquiry. 2nd ed. New York: M. Evans and Co.; 2005.

32. Baima Bollone P. Sindone: Storia e Scienza. Scarmagno (TO): Priuli & Verlucca; 2010.

33. Smith B, Daunter A, Yang L, Wilson T. An Update on the Management of Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy—Replacing Old Paradigms. JAMA Pediatrics. 2018;172(6):585.

34. Butler L, Mills J, Richard H, Riddle R, Ezaki M, Oishi S. Long-term Follow-up of Neonatal Brachial Plexopathy. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics. 2017;37(6):e364-e368.

35. Kaiser R, Waldauf P, Ullas G, Krajcová A. Epidemiology, etiology, and types of severe adult brachial plexus injuries requiring surgical repair: systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosurgical Review. 2018. doi: 10.1007/s10143-018-1009-2.

36. Soldado F, Ghizoni M, Bertelli J. Injury mechanisms in supraclavicular stretch injuries of the brachial plexus. Hand Surgery and Rehabilitation. 2016;35(1):51-4.

37. Kaiser R, Mencl L, Haninec P. Injuries associated with serious brachial plexus involvement in polytrauma among patients requiring surgical repair. Injury. 2014;45(1):223-6.

38. Kaiser R, Waldauf P, Haninec P. Types and severity of operated supraclavicular brachial plexus injuries caused by traffic accidents. Acta Neurochirurgica. 2012;154(7):1293-7.