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2017, Number 1

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Rev Cubana Hig Epidemiol 2017; 55 (1)

Effect of biocides on Acinetobacter baumannii/calcoaceticus clinical isolates

Aguiar AAC, Martínez AM, Rojas GI, Tsoraeva A, Hernández SI

Language: Spanish
References: 43
Page: 12-23
PDF size: 265.29 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: The Acinetobacter baumannii/calcoaceticus complex is considered to be a nosocomial pathogen of great worldwide importance, since it becomes resistant to antimicrobial drugs at great speed and survives in inanimate reservoirs. It is one of the most worrisome pathogens due to its presence in epidemic outbreaks associated to spread to the environment by the contaminated hands of health care providers. The epidemiological behavior of this microorganism has led to the adoption of specific standards in programs for the control of infections associated to health care, in which antiseptics play an important role.
Objective: Evaluate the effect of three chlorhexidine antiseptic solutions against Acinetobacter baumannii / calcoaceticus isolates causing infection in the Intensive Care Unit of the Center for Medical Surgical Research.
Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted of 30 isolates obtained from clinical samples from January 2012 to August 2013. Determination was made of susceptibility to 16 antimicrobials using the Bauer-Kirby method and the Etest, and of the bactericidal effect of three chlorhexidine antiseptic solutions (0.5% in 70% alcohol, 2% in aqueous solution and 4% in detergent solution) by quantitative suspension and neutralization assay with membrane filtration based on Spanish standard UNE-EN 1276/2010.
Results: High multidrug resistance was detected. The resistance patterns obtained revealed that 60% of the microbes were extremely resistant strains, 36% were multidrug resistant and none were pan-resistant. A reduction of over 5 logarithms was found to occur as a result of the action of the antiseptic solutions.
Conclusions: Chlorhexidine displayed bactericidal activity against the Acinetobacter baumannii/calcoaceticus complex. It therefore continues to be an effective antiseptic to prevent infections associated to health care.


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