2019, Number 1
<< Back Next >>
Rev Latin Infect Pediatr 2019; 32 (1)
Nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in children
González-Saldaña N, Castillo-Bejarano JI, Copado-Gutiérrez JL, Carmona-Vargas AJ
Language: Spanish
References: 71
Page: 19-26
PDF size: 201.14 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Mycobacteria can be classified into three groups of clinical relevance, of which nontuberculous mycobacteria comprise a heterogeneous group that can cause disease in humans. The actual burden of disease is unknown, although according to some series it seems to have increased in the last 20 years. Differentiating between a process related to
M. tuberculosis and one related to nontuberculous mycobacteria is mandatory, since the treatment schemes are different. In children, information is scarce; therefore, the present review aims to guide the clinician in the diagnostic-therapeutic approach of these cases.
REFERENCES
Demers AM. Microbiology and pathology. En: Starke J (ed.). Handbook of child & adolescent tuberculosis. Nueva York; Oxford Press University; 2016. p. 13-30.
Griffith DE, Aksamit T, Brown-Elliott BA et al. An official ATS/IDSA statement: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007; 175: 367-416.
Esteban J, Navas E. Tratamiento de las infecciones producidas por micobacterias no tuberculosas. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2017; 36 (9): 535-604.
Máiz Carro L et al. Infecciones respiratorias por micobacterias no tuberculosas. Med Clin. 2017; 150 (5): 191-197.
Piersimoni C, Scarparo C. Pulmonary infections associated with non-tuberculous mycobacteria in immunocompetent patients. Lancet Infect Dis. 2008; 8 (5): 323-334.
Valades E. Nontuberculous mycobacteria: clinical importance and relevance to Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination. CID. 2004; 39: 457-458.
Lyman MM et al. Invasive nontuberculous mycobacterial infections among cardiothorac surgical patients exposed to heater-cooler devices. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2017; 23 (5): 796-805.
Thomas B, Okamoto K. Role of race/ethnicity in pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2015; 21 (3): 544-545.
Adjemian J, Olivier KN, Seitz AE, Holland SM, Prevots DR. Prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in U.S. Medicare beneficiaries. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2012; 185: 881-886.
Billinger ME et al. Nontuberculous mycobacteria-associated lung disease in hospitalized persons, United States, 1998- 2005. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2009; 15 (10): 1562- 1569.
Thomson RM et al. Changing epidemiology of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria infections. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2010; 16 (10): 1576-1569.
Marras TK, Mendelson D, Marchand-Austin A, May K, Jamieson FB. Pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease, Ontario, Canada, 1998-2010. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013; 19 (11): 1889-1891.
Imperiale B et al. Disease caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria: diagnostic procedures and treatment evaluation in the North of Buenos Aires Province. Revista Argentina de Microbiología. 2012; 44: 3-9.
Dos Santos-Carneiro M et al. Nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in a high tuberculosis incidence setting in Brazil. J Bras Pneumol. 2018; 44 (2): 106-111.
Couto de Mello KG et al. Clinical and therapeutic features of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease, Brazil, 1993-2011. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013; 19 (3): 393-399.
Llerena C, Valbuena A, Zabalta AP. Micobacterias identificadas en el Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia de Colombia entre 2012 y 2016. Biomédica. 2018; 38: 87-94.
Hernández-Solís A et al. Nontuberculous mycobacteria in clinical samples with negative acid-fast bacilli. Int J Mycobacteriol. 2017; 6 (4): 391-395.
Santin M et al. Pulmonary infections with nontuberculous mycobacteria, Catalonia. Spain, 1994-2914. Emer Infect Dis. 2018; 24 (6): 1091-1094.
Marras TK, Daley C. Epidemiology of human pulmonary infection with nontuberculous mycobacteria. Clin Chest Med. 2002; 23: 553-567.
Namkoong HO et al. Epidemiology of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease, Japan. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016; 22 (6): 1116-1117.
Ringshausen FC et al. Prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease. Germany, 2009-2014. 2016; 22 (6): 1102-1105.
Bodle EE, Cunningham JA, Della-Latta P, Schluger NW, Saiman L. Epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacteria in patients without HIV infection, New York City. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008; 14 (3): 390-396.
El-Zeemi N et al. Are guidelines on the management of non-tuberculous mycobacteria lung infections respected and what are the consequences for patients? A French retrospective study from 2007 to 2014. Eur J Clin Microbiol. 2017; 37 (2): 233-240.
Martínez-González S et al. Micobacterias no tuberculosas. ¿Una amenaza emergente? Archivos de Bronconeumología. 2017; 53 (10): 535-602.
Blanc P et al. Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in a French hospital: a 12-year retrospective study. PLoS One. 2016; 11 (12): 1-12.
Piersimoni C, Scarparo C. Extrapulmonary infections associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria in in immunocompetent persons. Emerg Infect Dis. 2009; 15 (9): 1341-1344.
Taiwo B, Glassroth J. Nontuberculous mycobacterial lung diseases. Infect Dis Clin N Am. 2010; 24: 769-789.
Al-Yazidi L, Marais BJ, Hazelton B, Outhred A, Kesson A. Nontuberculous mycobacteria in children, a focus on bloodstream. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2017; 36 (4): 374-378.
Blyth CC et al. Nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in children, a prospective national study. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009; 28 (9): 801-805.
Reuss AM et al. Incidence rate of nontuberculous mycobacterial disease in children, a prospective nationwide surveillance study in Germany. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009: 28 (7): 642-644.
López-Varela E et al. Non tuberculous mycobacteria in children: muddying the waters of tuberculosis diagnosis. Lancet Respir Med. 2015; 3: 244-256.
Pokam BT, Asuquo AE. Acid-fast bacilli other than mycobacteria in tuberculosis patients receiving directly observed therapy short course in cross river state, Nigeria. Tuberc Res Treat. 2012; 2012: 301056.
Asiimwe BB, Bagyenzi GB, Ssengooba W et al. Species and genotypic diversity of non-tuberculous mycobacteria isolated from children investigated for pulmonary tuberculosis in rural Uganda. BMC Infect Dis. 2013; 13: 88.
López-Varela E et al. High rates of non-tuberculous mycobacteria isolation in Mozambican children with presumptive tuberculosis. PLoS One. 2017; 12 (1): 1-12.
Tebruegge M et al. Nontuberculous mycobacterial disease in children-epidemiology, diagnosis, management a tertiary center. PLoS One. 2016; 11 (1): 1-14.
Iroh-Tam PY, Kline S, Ward G, Ferrieri P. Non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection in hospitalized children: a case series. Epidemiol Infect. 2015; 143 (5): 3173-3181.
Ruiz del Olmo I et al. Linfadenitis por micobacterias no tuberculosas: experiencia de 15 años. Ant Pediatr. 2017; 86 (3): 1-7.
Gimenez-Sanchez F. Different penetrance of disseminated infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria in mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease associated with a novel mutation. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2014; 33 (3): 328- 330.
García-Marcos PW et al. Risk factors of non-tuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis in children: a case-control study. Eur J Pediatr. 2017; 176: 607-613.
World Health Organization. BCG vaccines: WHO position paper. 2018; 8: 73-96.
Poyntz H et al. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria have diverse effects on BCG efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis. 2014; 94: 226-237.
Stanford JL, Shield MJ, Rook GA. How environmental mycobacteria may predetermine the protective efficacy of BCG. Tubercle. 1981; 62: 55-62.
Fine PE. Variation in protection by BCG: implications of and for heterologous immunity. Lancet. 1995; 346: 1339-1345.
Thegerstrom J et al. Mycobacterium avium lymphadenopathy among children. Sweden. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008; 14 (4): 661-663.
Kontturi A, Soini H, Ollgren K, Salo E. Increase in childhood nontuberculous mycobacterial infections after BCG coverage drop – a nationwide population-based retrospective study, Finland, 1995 to 2016. Clin Infect Dis. 2016; 67 (8): 1256-1261.
Romanus V, Hallander HO, Whålén P, Olinder-Nielsen AM, Magnusson PHW, Juhlin I. Atypical mycobacteria in extrapulmonary disease among children. Incidence in Sweden from 1969 to 1990, related to changing BCGvaccination coverage. Tuber Lung Dis. 1995; 76: 300-310.
Lacroix A et al. The emergence of non-tuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis in children after the discontinuation of mandatory BCG immunization in France. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2018; 47 (10): e257-260.
Zimmermann P, Finn A, Curtis N. Does BCG vaccination protect against non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Infect Dis. 2018; 218 (5): 697-687.
Portaels F et al. Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination as prophylaxis against Mycobacterium ulcerans osteomielitis in Buruli ulcer disease. Infect Immun. 2004; 72 (1): 62-65.
Tanghe A et al. Protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine encoding antigen 85A from Mycobacterium bovis BCG against Buruli ulcer. Infect Immun. 2001; 69 (9): 5403- 5411.
Workalemahu B, Berg S, Tsegaye W et al. Genotype diversity of Mycobacterium isolates from children in Jimma, Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2013; 6: 352.
Zimmerman P, Curtis N, Tebruegge M. Nontuberculous mycobacterial disease in childhood-update on diagnostic approaches and treatment. J Infect. 2017; 74: S136-S142.
Cruz A, Ong L, Starke J. Mycobacterial Infections in Texas Children: A 5-year case series. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2010; 29 (8): 772-774.
Naselli A, Losurdo G, Avanzini S et al. Management of nontuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis in a tertiary care children’s hospital, a 20 year experience. J Pediatr Surg. 2017; 52: 593-597.
Zimmermann P, Tebruegge M, Curtis N, Ritz N. The management of non-tuberculous cervicofacial lymphadenitis in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Infect. 2015; 71 (1): 9-18.
Guarner, J. Buruli ulcer: review of a neglected skin mycobacterial disease. J Clin Microbiol. 2018; 56 (4). pii: e01507-17.
Lamb G, Starke J. Mycobacterium abscessus infections in children: a review of current literature. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2018; 7 (3): e131-e144.
Plácido R, Vilelo A, Espejo C et al. Infección cutánea por Mycobacterium marinum. An Pediatr Barc. 2018; 88 (3): 176-177.
Hansen CE, Ascher DP, Kim HS, Schwartz RH. Under the sea: superficial skin infection with an atypical cause. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2017; 33 (12): e167-e169.
Ryu Y, Koh W, Daley C. Diagnosis and treatment of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease: clinicians’ perspectives. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul). 2016; 79 (2): 74-84.
Katila ML, Brander E, Backman A. Neonatal BCG vaccination and mycobacterial cervical adenitis in childhood. Tubercle. 1987; 68: 291-296.
Joshi W, Davidson PM, Jones PG, Campbell PE, Roberton DM. Non-tuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis in children. Eur J Pediatr. 1989; 148: 751-754.
Sigalet D, Lees G, Fanning A. Atypical tuberculosis in the pediatric patient: implications for the pediatric surgeon. J Pediatr Surg. 1992; 27: 1381-1384.
Haverkamp MH, Arend SM, Lindeboom JA, Hartwig NG, Van Dissel JT. Nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in children: a 2-year prospective surveillance study in the Netherlands. Clin Infect Dis. 2004; 39: 450-456.
Hatherill M, Hawkridge T, Whitelaw A et al. Isolation of nontuberculous mycobacteria in children investigated for pulmonary tuberculosis. PLoS One. 2006; 1: e21.
Haworth C, Banks J, Capstick T, Fisher A, Gorsuch T, Laurenson I et al. British Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD). Thorax. 2017; 72 (Suppl 2): ii1-ii64.
Wallace BA, McNulty S, Philley JV, Killingley J, Wilson RW et al. Macrolide/Azalide therapy for nodular/bronchiectatic Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. Chest. 2014; 146: 276-282.
Chaisson RE, Keiser P, Pierce M, Fessel WJ, Ruskin J, Lahart C et al. Clarithromycin and ethambutol with or without clofazimine for the treatment of bacteremic Mycobacterium avium complex disease in patients with HIV infection. AIDS. 1997; 11: 311-317.
Zeharia A, Eidlitz-Markus T, Haimi-Cohen Y, Samra Z, Kaufman L, Amir J. Management of nontuberculous mycobacteria- induced cervical lymphadenitis with observation alone. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2008; 27 (10): 920-922.
Harris RL, Modayil P, Adam J, Sharland M, Heath P, Planche T et al. Cervicofacial nontuberculous mycobacterium lymphadenitis in children: is surgery always necessary? Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009; 73 (9): 1297-1301.
Haimi-Cohen Y, Markus-Eidlitz T, Amir J, Zeharia A. Long- term follow-up of observation-only management of non- tuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2016; 55 (12): 1160-1164.