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2019, Number 1

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Dermatología Cosmética, Médica y Quirúrgica 2019; 17 (1)

Dermatological Manifestations in Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya

Watts SA, Ocampo CJ

Language: Spanish
References: 53
Page: 52-59
PDF size: 202.55 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Dengue, zika and chikungunya are arboviruses transmitted by arthropods, with increasing prevalence numbers in recent decades. They are particularly important in tropical and subtropical regions, although new cases of infections in different sites of the world have been reported. Clinical presentation includes fever and symptoms such as asthenia and adynamia, and cutaneous involvement present in a significant amount of cases. However, many of these findings are nonspecific and are often a diagnostic challenge for physicians. Some manifestations are more distinctive of a particular entity, and these differences will be fundamental keys in the successful identification of the type of arbovirus. For example, infection with dengue virus is principally characterized by a centrifugal rash accompanied by hemorrhagic manifestations such as petechiae, purpura and ecchymosis. On the other hand, an important maculopapular rash in a person with a good general appearance of health can manifest itself in 90% of cases of zika virus infection. In the case of people infected by chikungunya virus, only half of them present a nonspecific rash, which can sometimes be accompanied by hyperpigmentation. The recognition of these findings in skin and mucous membranes, as well as the differences that can be made between these viral exanthems, will be crucial tools for the dermatologist in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.


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