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2019, Number 1

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Acta Pediatr Mex 2019; 40 (1)

Biomarker disorder of cardiovascular and type 2 diabetes in preschoolers in Northwest Mexico: an exploratory study

Ballesteros-Vásquez MN, García-Gámez S, Artalejo-Ochoa E, Vargas-Tequida B, Ponce-Martínez JA, Robles-Sardin AE, Grijalva-Haro MI

Language: Spanish
References: 32
Page: 1-10
PDF size: 378.42 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Childhood obesity is a health problem that has been growing in the last decades in the world and particularly in Mexico. In addition to lipid alterations, glucose and insulin are risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Studies the Northwest of Mexico have focused on the evaluation of these risk factors in school-age children and have shown the presence of the metabolic syndrome. However, there is insufficient information on cardiovascular health in preschool children.
Objective: To perform an exploratory analysis of the presence of possible alterations in clinical biomarkers of cardiovascular risk and type 2 diabetes in preschoolers living in the urban and conurbated zones of Hermosillo, México.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out, with two study groups: children living in the urban zone (ZU) and children in the conurbation zone (ZCU). Weight, height, waist circumference, percentage of body fat and blood pressure, lipids, glucose and insulin profile were assessed.
Results: The average age of the participants was 5.0 years (n = 82), 48 from the ZCU and 34 from the ZU. Problems of malnutrition, overweight and high body fat (27% ± 0.59) coexist. No cases of obesity were observed. In the ZCU of the city there is a higher percentage of children with lipid abnormalities: elevated triglycerides (35%), low HDL-C (25%), (p ‹ 0.01), and prehypertension, whereas in the ZU there was a higher percentage of children with impaired glucose (12%) and elevated insulin levels and insulin resistance.
Conclusions: The findings of this study show the risk factors for type 2 diabetes and that cardiovascular disease are present in children between the ages of 3 and 6 years from ZU and ZCU of the Hermosillo, Mexico.


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