Quevedo LI, Yáñez CA, González CG, Marrero GD, More CYY

Language: Spanish
References: 0
Page: 937-950
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ABSTRACT

The reduction of low birth weight constitutes a priority in the national health system in our country because it is a determinant to reduce infant mortality. The objective of this study is to determine the main risk factors associated with low birth weight in the Yara municipality. Granma Province. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, which included 26 pregnant women who provided births with low weight in the period of January - December 2017. The variables of maternal age, nutritional assessment at the beginning of pregnancy, gestational age at the time of delivery were analyzed, type of low weight, maternal pathological history and diseases associated with pregnancy. There were 567 births, of which 26 showed a weight below 2500 grams and a low birth weight index of 4.8 %. The most significant risk factors were preterm delivery, with 17 neonates (65.38 %), 19 (73.07 %) pregnant women presented vaginal infection, 13 (50 %) suffered from anemia and 10 (38.4 %) mothers developed gestational hypertensive disease in the diseases associated with pregnancy, arterial hypertension was the most significant maternal pathological history with 3 pregnant women (11.53 %), between 32-36 weeks of gestation occurred 18 births (69.23 % ) and 16 pregnant women with normal weight nutritional assessment at the beginning of pregnancy gave the highest number of low weight (61.53 %). It was concluded that the identification and early modification of risk factors could reduce the incidence of low birth weight.