Santos MM, Parra SJL, Rabert FAR, Góngora CD

Language: Spanish
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ABSTRACT

Introduction. The influence of classic cardiovascular risk factors on the onset of coronary heart disease and its complications may very depending on each country.
Objective. To determine the influence of classic cardiovascular risk factors in the appearance of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in patients with acute myocardial infarction in the Cardiology Department of Las Tunas.
Methods. A case - control analytical study was carried out. The "cases" were 100 patients infarcted with MACE between January 2011 and December 2016 chosen at random from the database that exists in the service. For each patient in the "case group", 2 patients (200 patients) without MACE, "control group", were chosen. Descriptive statistics was used through the percentage analysis and the arithmetic mean for the descriptive variables. To determine the risk factors, the Epinfo version 6 was used, determining ODDS RATIO, confidence interval and probability for 95%.
Results. The patients with MACE had an average age of 72 years. 83% were hypertensive and 89% had STEAMI, with higher levels of glycemia, creatinine and creatine kinase on admission than the control group and lower percentage of thrombolysis (55%) and effectiveness (58.2%). The personal history of ischemic heart disease (OR 2.26 and p 0.002), obesity (OR 2.14 and p 0.049) and the combination of arterial hypertension with age older than 70 years (OR 2.00 and p 0.007) presented statistical significance with the appearance of MACE.
Conclusions. The personal history of ischemic heart disease, obesity and the combination of arterial hypertension with age older than 70 years behaved as predictors of major adverse cardiac events in patients with acute myocardial infarction.