Granados-García V, Sánchez-García S, Ramírez-Aldana R, Zúñiga-Trejo C, Espinel-Bermúdez MC

Language: Spanish
References: 14
Page: 64-70
PDF size: 327.60 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Background: Population aging has a direct impact on the increasing demand of health services and on medical care costs. The objective was to carry out a cost analysis of health care costs in older adults in a regional general hospital of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.
Methods: A calculation of the costs was done based on a retrospective collection of health care data. Unit prices were used to estimate costs. These were reported in 2016 Mexican pesos. A cost analysis was carried out by means of a regression model. Explanatory variables were sex, age and comorbidity level, the latter measured by using the Charlson index.
Results: The average cost of all the 509 patients was 34 769 Mexican pesos (SD = 2869 pesos). Age variable explains the costs; however, sex and comorbidity variables were not significant. Cost predictions with the statistical model show differences mainly by age. In the case of females, the model predicts greater costs compared with those of males. Costs for older adults of 85 years or more were greater than those for the group of younger people (75-84).
Conclusion: The hospitalization costs estimated are high and they differ according to the age group. We suggest to make further research in order to know the factors associated with high hospital costs for this age group.

REFERENCES

1. Palloni A, Pinto-Aguirre G, Pelaez M. Demographic and health conditions of ageing in Latin America and the Caribbean. Int J Epidemiol. 2002;31:762-71.

2. He W, Goodkind D, Kowal P. An Aging World: 2015. Washington DC: U.S. Census Bureau; 2016.

3. Consejo Nacional de Población (CONAPO). Indicadores demográficos para adultos mayores. México: CONAPO; sin fecha.

4. Consejo Nacional de Población (CONAPO). El cambio demográfico, el envejecimiento y la migración internacional en México. Mexico: CONAPO; 2008.

5. Spillman BC, Lubitz J. The Effect of Longevity on Spending for Acute and Long-Term Care. N Engl J Med. 2000 May 11;342(19):1409-15.

6. Martin L, Kinsella K. Research on the demography of aging in developing countries. Demography of aging. Washington DC: National Academy Press; 1994.

7. Polder JJ, Bonneux L, Meerding WJ, van der Maas PJ. Age-specific increases in health care costs. Eur J Public Health. 2002 Mar;12(1):57-62.

8. Sánchez-García S, Juárez-Cedillo T, Espinel- Bermudez C, Cárdenas-Bahena A, García-Peña C. [Health status and wellness among older adult beneficiaries of the ISSSTE and IMSS in Southwest Mexico City]. Rev Invest Clin 2013;65:165-173.

9. Rosas-Carrrasco O, Gonzales-Flores E, Brito- Carrera A, Vázquez-Valdez O, Peschard-Sáenz E, Gutiérrez-Robledo L. Evaluación de la comorbilidad en el adulto mayor. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2011;49:153-62.

10. Mould-Quevedo JF, García-Peña C, Contreras- Hernández I, Juárez-Cedillo T, Espinel-Bermúdez C, Morales-Cisneros G, et al. Direct costs associated with the appropriateness of hospital stay in elderly population. BMC Health Serv Res. 2009 Aug 22;9:151. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-9-151.

11. Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40(5):373-83.

12. West S, Finch J, Curran P. Structural equation models with nonnormal variables: problems and remedies. In: RH H, ed. Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues and applications. Newbery Park, CA: Sage; 1995. pp. 56-75.

13. Duan N. Smearing Estimate: A Nonparametric Retransformation Method. J Am Stat Assoc. 1983;78: 605-10.

14. Manning WG. The logged dependent variable, heteroscedasticity, and the retransformation problem. J Health Econ. 1998;17:283-95.