medigraphic.com
Anales de Otorrinolaringología Mexicana

2005, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

Otorrinolaringología 2005; 50 (1)

Otomycosis in patients with chronic otitis media

Boronat-Echeverría NE, Kageyama-Escobar AM, Méndez-Tovar L

Language: Spanish
References: 32
Page: 45-55
PDF size: 270.36 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objectives of this study were two: 1) to know the prevalence of otomycosis in patients with chronic otitis media; 2) to determine the types of involved fungi; 35 patients with 17 to 45 years of age were studied, all with diagnosis of mycotic infection by observation of mycelia on microscope during the exploration. Fungi were identified in direct exam, smear and culture in 25 patients (71.4%).The fungi more frequently isolated were species of Aspergillus (19 cases, 54.2%), followed by species of Candida (11 patients, 31.4 %). In eight patients (22.8%) it was identified more of a type of fungus and the most frequent association was between species of Aspergillus and Candida. Bacterial growth in 25 patients was observed (71.4%); in 12 of them (48%) it happened development of two or more bacteria, most grampositive (species of Staphylococcus and species of Streptococcus), although also were gramnegative (Escherichia coli, species of Pseudomonas and Proteus mirabilis). Association between otomycosis and chronic otitis media was espesignificant (square Chi, p = 0.011), but relation between purulent otorrhea and development of fungi was not detected. A prevalence of 6% of otomycosis in patients with chronic otitis media were calculated. An important data was the development of Candida parapsilosis as the most frequent yeast, in spite of being this atypical. In this work, the hypothesis is that the presence of fungi in chronic otitis media exerts an important function changing middle and external ear ecobiology, predisposing to infection with antibiotic resistant bacteria, which would explain the difficulty to eradicate them. Also, the use of an algorithm for otomycosis diagnosis sets out.


REFERENCES

  1. Rippon JW. Otomicosis. Tratado de micología médica. Interamericana, México, 3ª ed., 1990; 722 p.

  2. Maher A, Bassiouny A, Moawad MK, et al. Otomycosis: an experimental evaluation of six antimycotic agents. J Laryngol Otol 1982; 96: 205-13.

  3. Yehja MM, Al Habib HM, Shehab NM. Otomycosis: a common problem in North Irak. J Laryngol Otol 1990; 104: 387-9.

  4. Wai-Pak M, Gordon S, Von Hasselt A. Fluorishing otomycosis. ENT J 1997; 29: 10.

  5. Tsukinowa-Cho O, Watanabe S. Dermatophytosis of the external auditory meatus. J Med Vet Mycol 1986; 24: 485-6.

  6. Kurnatowski P, Filipiak A. Otomycosis: prevalence, clinical symptoms, therapheutic procedure. Mycoses 2001; 44: 472-9.

  7. Mugliston T, O’Donoghue G. Otomycosis: a continuing problem. J Laryngol Otol 1985; 99: 327-33.

  8. Paulose KO. Mycotic infection of the ear (otomycosis): a prospective study. J Laryngol Otol 1989; 130: 30-5.

  9. Bassiouny A, Kamel T, Moawad M, et al. Broad spectrum of antifungal agents in otomycosis. J Laryngol Otol 1986; 100: 867-73.

  10. Nwabuisi C, Ologe FE. The fungal profile of otomycosis patients in Ilorin, Nigeria. Niger J Med 2001; 10: 124-6.

  11. Mghor N, Gugnani HC. Otomycosis in Nigeria: treatment with mercurochrome. Mycosis 2001; 44: 395-7.

  12. Kaur R, Mitttal N, Kakkar M, et al. Otomycosis: a clinicomycologic study. Ear Nose Throat J 2000; 79: 606-9.

  13. Loh KS, Tan KK, Kurmarasinghe G, et al. Otitis externa, the clinical pattern in a tertiary institution in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore 1998; 27: 215-8.

  14. Enweani IB, Igumbor H. Prevalence of otomycosis in malnourished children in Edo State, Nigeria. Mycopathologia 1997-98; 140: 85-7.

  15. Chander J, Maini S, Subrahmanyan S, Handa A. Otomycosis: a clinic-mycological study and efficacy of mercurochrome in its treatment. Mycopathologia 1996; 135: 9-12.

  16. Tisner J, Millan J, Rivas P, et al. Otomycosis and topical application of thimerosal: study of 152 cases. Acta Otorrinolringol Esp 1995; 46: 85-9.

  17. Pahwa VK, Chamiyal PC, Suri PN. Mycological study in otomycosis. Indian J Med Res; 77: 334-8.

  18. Zaror L, Fischman O, Suzuky FA, et al. Otomycosis in Sao Paolo. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paolo 1991; 33 (3): 169-73.

  19. Mya TK, Naing SK, Min M. Otomycosis in Burma and its treatment. Am J Trop Med 1980; 29 (4): 620-3.

  20. Ferguson BJ. Stimulation of Aspergillus niger growth on exposure to cerumen, a posible explanation for its tendency in otomycosis. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, 1987.

  21. Beaney GPE, Broghton A. Tropical otomycosis, J Laryngol Otol 1967; 81: 987-97.

  22. Gurr PA, Evans K, Dewey FM, et al. Otomycosis: the detection of fungi in ears by immunofluorescence and microscopy. Clin Otolaryngol 1997; 22: 275-83.

  23. Macotela-Ruiz E, López MR, Gómez OF. Otomicosis. Prensa Méd Mex 1976; 41: 375-9. Rev Lat-Amer Microbiol 1981; 23: 97-101.

  24. Hurst WB. Outcome of 22 cases of perforated tympanic membrane caused by otomycosis. J Laryngol Otol 2001; 115: 879-80.

  25. Dyckhoff G, Hoppe-Tichy T, Kappe R, Dietz A. Antimycotic therapy in otomycosis with tympanic membrane perforation. HNO 2000; 48: 18-21.

  26. Leyden J. Progression of interdigital infections from simplex to complex. J Am Acad Dermatol 1992, 28: S7-11.

  27. Gayosso MP, Méndez TJL, Hernández HF, López MR. Onicomicosis causada por Candida parasilosis. ¿Agente ocasional o frecuente? Dermatol Rev Méx 1998; 42: 105-7.

  28. Kremery V, Spanik S, Grausova S, et al. Candida parapsilosis fungemia in cancer patients: incidence, risk factors and outcome. Neoplasma 1998; 45: 336-42.

  29. Saiman L, Ludington E, Dawson JD, et al. Risk factor for Candida species colonization of neonatal intensive care unit patients. Ped Infect Dis J; 20: 1119-24.

  30. Kremery V, Huttova M, Mateika F, et al. Breakthrough fungaemia in neonates and infants causes by Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis susceptible to fluconazole in vitro.J Antimic Chemoter 2001; 48: 521-5.

  31. Gagneur A, Sizun J, Vernotte E, et al. Low rate of Candida parapsilosis related colonization and infection in hospitalized preterm infants: a one-year prospective study. J Hosp Infec 2001; 48: 193-7.

  32. Papastavros T. The role of aerobic an anaerobic microor-ganisms in chronic suppurative otitis media. Laryngoscope 1986; 96: 438-42.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com