2017, Number 6
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Rev Invest Clin 2017; 69 (6)
Serological Evidence of Borrelia Burgdorferi Infection in Mexican Patients with Facial Palsy
Gordillo-Pérez G, García-Juárez I, Solórzano-Santos F, Corrales-Zúñiga L, Muñoz-Hernández O, Torres-López J
Language: English
References: 24
Page: 344-348
PDF size: 69.57 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Background: Facial palsy is the most frequent manifestation of neuroborreliosis in the United States, Europe, and Asia, whereas
in Mexico, its frequency is unknown.
Objective: We aimed to determine the frequency of
Borrelia spp. infection in patients with
acute facial palsy in Mexico. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional, referral hospital-based survey, 191 patients with
facial palsy were selected and clinical and epidemiologic data recorded. IgM and IgG serum antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi were
tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and confirmed by Western-Blot (WB). IgM and IgG antibodies against the
herpes viruses HSV-1, HSV-2, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus were tested by ELISA. Results: 71 patients (37%) tested
positive by ELISA to either Borrelia spp. or the herpes viruses. Of 25 patients (13%) who tested positive for B. burgdorferi by
ELISA, 23 (12%) were confirmed by WB; 14 had IgM and 9 had IgG antibodies. Among the 14 IgM-WB positive patients, two cases
recognized antigens of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.), 10 of Borrelia garinii and 2 of B. afzelii, whereas all 9 IgG-WB positive were
reactive against B. burgdorferi s.s. 14 patients had facial palsy in addition to other clinical data compatible with Lyme borreliosis.
Patients infected with B. burgdorferi s.s. had a longer recovery time and a significantly higher risk (odds ratio 4.4, 95% confidence
interval 1.5-12.9) of recurrent facial palsy than patients infected with other Borrelia genospecies. Conclusions: Borrelia infection
is frequent in facial palsy patients in Mexico, with B. burgdorferi s.s. and B. garinii being the most frequent causative species.
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