2017, Number S1
Pneumococcal disease seen in children younger than 5 years in 'Juan de la Cruz Martinez Maceira' Northern Pediatric Hospital of Santiago de Cuba province
Language: Spanish
References: 25
Page: 144-155
PDF size: 132.30 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: pneumococcal disease is the term used to generally describe the infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.Objective: to characterize the epidemiological and lab behavior of the invasive pneumococcal disease (pneumonia and bacterial meningitis) and non-invasive one (acute otitis media) in the northern pediatric hospital of Santiago de Cuba province.
Methods: cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive and observational study of 48 children younger than 5 years who had been hospitalized in "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martinez Maceira" northern pediatric hospital in Santiago de Cuba province in the period of 2011 through 2015.
Results: in the study group, 87.5 % presented with invasive pneumococcal disease and 12.5 % with non invasive pneumococcal one. Males were the most affected, accounting for 60.42 %. Among the main risk factors were anemia, inadequate breast-feeding, over 5 episodes of acute respiratory infection as well as the presence of smokers at home and crowding. Twenty eight serotypes were identified, that is, 20 for bacterial pneumonia and 4 for meningitis and acute otitis media, respectively; the most common of them were 19A and 14, with a frequency of 10 and 5 respectively. The fatality rate of patients with invasive pneumococcal disease was 14.3 % whereas bacterial meningitis showed the highest incidence.
Conclusions: it could be corroborated that a sustained work is done in our hospital in terms of sentinel surveillance of the invasive and non invasive pneumococcal disease, which is in line with the studies and research that are performed in our country.
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