Fernández GJ, Rodríguez PML, González OG, Pérez Valdez-Dapena D, Ortega FL

Language: Spanish
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ABSTRACT

Introduction: Anemia during pregnancy occurs as a result of nutritional deficiencies and is a health problem. It is one of the most frequently encountered conditions in pregnancy.
Objective: Describe the perinatal outcomes in patients with anemia at the beginning of pregnancy.
Methods: An observational, descriptive, longitudinal and prospective study was conducted in 543 patients with anemia treated at the nutrition clinic of the Eusebio Hernández Pérez Ginecobstetric Hospital, Havana, Cuba, from January 2015 to December 2016. The collection of information was made through interview, physical examination, diagnostic investigations and clinical records.
Results: Almost half of the patients were represented by adolescents and those over 35 (45.4 %). The multiparous women started gestation with anemia (36.6 %). Nulliparous women had infections during pregnancy (59.2%).83.9 % of the patients with previous deliveries had short intergenic period. Preterm birth and low birth weight newborns were present in 15.4 %. There was no maternal-fetal mortality but only three early neonatal deaths.
Conclusions: Multiparity and short intergenic period were frequent antecedents in pregnant women with anemia at the beginning of pregnancy. Prematurity and low birth weight incidence were low and there were no maternal or fetal deaths. Perinatal mortality was at the expense of infants younger than seven days.