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Coordinación General de Investigación de la Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición y la Dirección General de Sistemas e Informática de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León

2005, Number 4

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Rev Salud Publica Nutr 2005; 6 (4)

Acanthosis nigricans: Determining chronic health risk in children

Villas P

Language: English
References: 74
Page:
PDF size: 106.20 Kb.


Text Extraction

Introduction

Surgeon General David Satcher’s Call to Action in 2002 about the United States’ obesity rates recognized that obesity was highest among minorities and the poor. He called for higher consumption of low-calorie, nutritious food items, including more vegetables and fruits. However, poor people’s ability to adopt healthier diets may have less to do with health awareness, nutrition education, or readiness to change than with the fact that such diets cost more. In 2004, current U.S. Surgeon General Carmona said that obesity would soon surpass smoking as the nation's leading cause of preventable death. The Surgeon General supports a disease prevention model to combat chronic health problems. He predicted that if prevention is not embraced, states will always be chasing the dollar. While both Surgeon Generals were addressing obesity health issues in general, of particular concern should be the issue of childhood obesity, its health complications, its future health consequences and a strategy to reduce the problem.


REFERENCES

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  2. US Surgeon General Richard Carmona. Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include older age, obesity, and family history of diabetes. www.hhs.gov/news/newsletter/weekly/archive/18aug03.htm (accessed 5 October 2005).

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  8. Rubin RJ, WM Altman, DN Mendelson 1994 Health care expenditures for people with diabetes mellitus, J Clin Endocrinol Metab ;78(4):809A-809F

  9. Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group 2002. Reduction in the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes with Lifestyle Intervention or Metformin, NE Jour MED 346 (6) :393-403

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  15. Healthy Youth - Division of Adolescent and School Health (DASH) School Health Index. www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/ (accessed 3 November 2005).

  16. Gross LS, L Li, ES Ford and S Liu 2004. Increased consumption of refined carbohydrates and the epidemic of type 2 diabetes in the United States: an ecologic assessment. Am J Clin Nutr 79:774–779.

  17. Villas P, D Garza and D Salazar 2000. ANTES Acanthosis Nigricans: The Education & Screening Program. 2000 A Report To The Governor And 77th Legislature of the State of Texas. The UT System Texas-Mexico Border Health Coordination Office. TMBHCO Book Series 00-01 No. 1.

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  35. Villas P, D Salazar, D Garza, N Villagomez and T Lightner 2000 Acanthosis Nigricans in Youth: A Type 2 Diabetes Marker. Tex J Ru Health 18 (1) 52-58

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  40. The Surgeon General’s Call To Action To Prevent and Decrease Overweight and Obesity 2001. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Office of the Surgeon General, Rockville, MD.

  41. US Surgeon General Richard Carmona. Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include older age, obesity, and family history of diabetes. www.hhs.gov/news/newsletter/weekly/archive/18aug03.htm (accessed 5 October 2005).

  42. US Surgeon General Richard Carmona. We are in the midst of an obesity epidemic caused by poor diet and our sedentary. www.fda.gov/ola/2004/obesity2_0603.html (accessed 5 October 2005).

  43. Drewnowski, A. 2005. Concept of a nutritious food: toward a nutrient density score Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, 82(4): 721-732.

  44. Venkat Narayan, KM. One in Three Americans Will Get Diabetes. Chief, diabetes epidemiology section, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta. www.hon.ch/News/HSN/515417.html. (accessed 7 October 2005)

  45. Rubin RJ, WM Altman, DN Mendelson 1994 Health care expenditures for people with diabetes mellitus, J Clin Endocrinol Metab ;78(4):809A-809F

  46. Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group 2002. Reduction in the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes with Lifestyle Intervention or Metformin, NE Jour MED 346(6):393-403

  47. The metabolic syndrome. Characterized by a group of metabolic risk factors. www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=4756 (accessed 3 November 2005).

  48. National Diabetes Statistics. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/diabetes.htm (accessed 3 November 2005).

  49. American Diabetes Associates. Diabetes Risk. www.diabetes.org/risk-test.jsp(accessed 3 November 2005).

  50. Healthy Youth-Division of Adolescent and School Health (DASH) School Health Index. www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/ (accessed 3 November 2005).

  51. Gross LS, L Li, ES Ford and S Liu 2004. Increased consumption of refined carbohydrates and the epidemic of type 2 diabetes in the United States: an ecologic assessment. Am J Clin Nutr 79:774–779.

  52. Villas P, D Garza and D Salazar 2000. ANTES Acanthosis Nigricans: The Education & Screening Program. 2000 A Report To The Governor And 77th Legislature of the State of Texas. The UT System Texas-Mexico Border Health Coordination Office. TMBHCO Book Series 00-01 No. 1.

  53. Kant, AK and A. Schatzkin A. 1994 Consumption of energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods by the US population: effect on nutrient profiles. J of the Am Col of Nutr. 13(3): 285-291.

  54. Bray GA and BM Popkin 1998. Dietary fat intake does affect obesity. Am J Clin Nutr 68:1157–1173.

  55. Drewnowski A. 2003. Fat and sugar: an economic analysis. J Nutr 133:838S–840S.

  56. Drewnowski A. 2004. Obesity and the food environment: dietary energy density and diet costs. Am J Prev Med 94:1555–1559

  57. Bray GA, SJ Nielsen and BM Popkin 2004. Consumption of high-fructose corn syrup in beverages may play a role in the epidemic of obesity. Am J Clin Nutr 79:537–543.

  58. Drewnowski A. Op. cit.

  59. Darmon N, A Briend and A Drewnowski 2004 Energy dense diets are associated with lower diet costs: a community study of French adults. Public Health Nutrition 7:21–27.

  60. Darby, MR. 1996. Reducing Poverty in America. London: Sage Publications.

  61. Poverty Fact Sheet Series-Poverty, Education, and Job. When poverty rates are related to levels of educational attainment ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/5000/5707.html (accessed 3 November 2005).

  62. Healthy Youth-Division of Adolescent and School Health (DASH), Op. cit.

  63. Stuart CA, CR Gilkison, MM Smith, A. Bosma, BS Keenan and M Nagamani 1998 Acanthosis nigricans as a risk factor for non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Clin Pedia 73-79.

  64. Gilkison C and CA Stuart, CA. 1992 Assessment of patients with acanthosis nigricans skin lesion for hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and diabetes risk. Nurse Prac 17 (2): 26-43

  65. Idem.

  66. Shwartz RA. 1994. Acanthosis nigricans. J Am Aca Derm 31: 1-19.

  67. Poverty Fact Sheet Series-Poverty, Education, and Job, Op. cit.

  68. Stuart CA, et. al. Op. cit..

  69. Yamazaki H, S Ito and H Yoshida 2003 Acanthosis nigricans is a reliable cutaneous marker of insulin resistance in obese Japanese children. Pedia Intern 45(6) 701-705.

  70. Villas P, D Salazar, D Garza, N Villagomez and T Lightner 2000 Acanthosis Nigricans in Youth: A Type 2 Diabetes Marker. Tex J Ru Health 18(1) 52-58

  71. Rojas X, J Menchaca and W Wadley 2004 Cardiovascular risk factors in Mexican-American children at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm). J Adol Health

  72. 34: 290-299.

  73. Villas P, D Garza and D Salazar 2002 ANTES Acanthosis Nigricans: The Education & Screening Program. A Report To The Governor And 78th Legislature of the State of Texas. 2002 The University of Texas-Pan American Border Health Office. UTPA BHO Book Series 02-03 No. 1.

  74. Drobac, S and W Brickman 2004 Evaluation of a Type 2 Diabetes Screening Protocol in an Urban Pediatric Clinic. PEDIA 114(1) 141-148




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