2002, Number 5
<< Back Next >>
Gac Med Mex 2002; 138 (5)
Unusual Causes of Chronic Meningitis. A Report of Five Cases.
Rogel-Ortiz FJ, Velásquez-Méndez AA, Vázquez-Martínez LL
Language: Spanish
References: 23
Page: 477-482
PDF size: 270.45 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Chronic meningitis is a frequent disease; it constitutes a real diagnostic challenge because of different etiologic possibilities, the most important being infectious, chemical, inflammatory, tumoral, autoimmune and of unknown origin.
Chronic meningitis, as a rule, needs the use of a wide and expensive battery of studies, but frequently despite all this, it is not possible to make a diagnosis. Biopsies of meninges and brain play a key role in the study of this type of patients.
We present five cases of chronic meningitis; some important considerations are made in relation to diagnosis and therapeutic management.
REFERENCES
Swartz MN. Chronic meningitis-many causes to consider, N Engl J Med 1987;317:957-959.
Cheng TM, O’Neil BP, Scheithauer BW, et al. Chronic meningitis; the role of meningeal of cortical biopsy. Neurosurgery 1994;34:590-595.
Rogel-Ortiz F, Vera PM. Meningitis cisticercosa. Gac Med Mex 1990;133:301-305.
Mateos GH, Zenteno AG. Neurocisticercosis. Análisis de mil casos consecutivos. Neurol, Neurocir Psiquiat (Mex) 1987;27:53-55.
Sotelo J, Guerrero V, Rubio F. Neurocysticercosis. A new classification based on active and inactive forms. A study of 753 cases. Arch lntern Med 1985;145:442-445.
Salaki J, Louña D, CHmel H. Fungal arid yeast infections of the central nervous system. A clinical review. Medicine 1984;83:108-132.
7 Paz-Sendin L, Gonzalez-Torres R, Gámez-Morales L, et al. Meningoencefalitis eosinofílica crónica por Candida Guillermondi Rev Ecuat Neurol 2000;9:27-29.
Luzi P, Leoncini L, Valassina M, et al. Chronic progressive leptomeningitis associated with measles virus. Lancet 1997;350:338-339.
Halperin J. Neuroborreliosis. Am J Med 98(4A)1995:S52-56.
Thwaites G, Chau TTH, Mai NTH, et al. Tuberculous meningitis. J. Neurol, Neurosurg Psychiat 2000;68:289-299.
11 Peacock JE, McGinis MR, Cohen MS. Persistent neutrophilic meningitis. Report of four cases and review of the literature. Medicine 19846;3:379-395.
Balm M, Hammack J. Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. Presenting features and prognostic factors. Arch Neurol 1996; 53:626-632.
Guarino M, Stracciari A, Cirignota F, et al. Neoplastic meningitis presenting with ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia (Miller-Fisher Syndrome) Arch Neurol 1995;52:443-444.
Wasserstrom WR, Glass P, Posner JB. Diagnosis and treatment of Leptomeningeal metastases from solid tumors: experience with 90 patients. Cancer 1982;49:759-772.
Mayer SA, Yim GK, Onesti ST, et al. Biopsy-proven isolated sarcoid meningitis. Case report. J Neurosurg 1993;78:994-996.
Jinah HA, Dixon A, Brat DJ, et al. Chronic meningitis with cranial neumopathies in Wegener Granulomatosis. Arthritis and Rheumatism 1997;40:573-577.
Caselli RJ, Boeve BF, Scheithauer BW. Nonvasculitic autoimmune inflammatory meningoencephalitis (NAIM): A reversible form of encephalopathy. Neurology 53:1579-1581;1999.
Masson C, Henin D, Hauw JJ, et al. Cranial pachymeningitis of unknown origin: A study of seven cases. Neurology 1993;43:1329-1334.
Anderson NE, Wiloughby EW. Chronic meningitis without predisposing illness; a review of 83 cases, Q. J. Med. 1987;63:283-295.
Olson ME, Chemik NL, Posner JB. Infiltration of the leptomeninges by systemic cancer. Arch Neurol 1974;30:122-137.
Glass JP, Melamed M, Chemik NL. Malignant cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): The meaning of a positive CSF cytology. Neurology 1979;29:1369-1375.
Chamberlain M. Cytologically negative carcinomatous meningitis; usefulness of CSF biochemical markers. Neurology 1998;50:1173-1175.
Stockhammer G, PoeWe W, Burgstaller S, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor in CSF; a biological marker for carcinomatous meningitis. Neurology 2000;54:1670-1676.