Román CM, Alva CA, Pinzón NA, Carvajal AKG

Language: Spanish
References: 26
Page: 3-10
PDF size: 408.25 Kb.

ABSTRACT

In developing countries like Mexico, respiratory infections such as pneumonia are the first cause of death in children less 5 years old and are responsible for 1 million deaths per year, thus becoming a serious public health problem. A variety of antibiotics are currently available for the treatment of respiratory diseases, but they have secondary effects, including damage to gastro intestinal tract in children with persistent infections. Nowadays, researchers are searching for vitamins, minerals or phytochemicals that could serve as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of acute respiratory diseases such as pneumonia, acute bronchitis, flu and chronic diseases like Cystic Fibrosis (CF). In this sense, medical research is innovating in the treatment of respiratory diseases using trace elements like zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se), at therapeutic doses that exceed the recommended daily intake, but without toxicity. Both minerals function as cofactors for antioxidant enzymes and modulate the inflammatory response. Zn has been linked closely to the immune system, favoring the production of Th1 cytokines, development of B-lymphocytes and antibody production, especially IgG. It also influences the activity of macrophages and lymphocyte apoptosis. Both trace elements in the diet improve intestinal absorption and help children grow. CF is a chronic disease that affects the respiratory system causing chronic infection and inflammation of airways caused by bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Currently there are some studies showing that supplementation of both minerals decreases respiratory infections, improves the antioxidant capacity and strengthens the immune system. The aim of this review is to discuss the use of therapeutic doses of Zn and Se, higher than recommended daily intake, in treating respiratory diseases and to describe their immunological, antioxidant, metabolic and biochemical mechanisms.

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