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2017, Number 1

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RCAN 2017; 27 (1)

Oral health and food habits in non-institutionalized elders

Hernández LL, Marimón TME, Linares GEM, González CE

Language: Spanish
References: 83
Page: 29-48
PDF size: 457.52 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Rationale: Aging brings about an increased risk of bucodental lesions. Food habits of the subject might contribute to the onset and perpetuation of these lesions. Objective: To assess the association between the state of oral health among non-institutionalized elders and their food habits. Study design: Analytical, crosssectional. Study serie: Eighty-seven noninstitutionalized elders with ages › 60 years, assisted at the “Luis Augusto Turcios Lima” Community Teaching Policlinic (Pinar del Río, Pinar del Río) between June 2014 and July 2015. Material and method: Mouth lesions were documented after an exhaustive orobucal examination of the subject. A dietetic survey was administered to each subject in order to establish the current patterns of food intakes. Nature and strength of the associations between bucal lesions and various domains of subject´s food habits were assessed. Results: Most frequent bucodental lesions were as follows (in descending order): Glossitis: 64.4%; Cheilosis: 60.9%; Red lesions of bucal mucosa: 50.6%; and Denture stomatitis: 43.7%. Fifty-six-pointthree percent of the patients referred reduced saliva production. Food intake frequency was as follows: Milk and dairies: At least once a day: 72.4%; Meats: 1 or 2 times a week: Egg: 98.9%; Fish: 40.2%; Read meats: 37.9%; Liver: 32.2%; Legumes: 1 or 2 times a week: 56.3%; Vegetables: 1 or 2 times a week: Leafedvegetables: 80.5%; Kidney beans: 46.0%; Fruits: Twice a day: 13.8%; Natural fruit juices: Once a day: 9.2%. Data paucity hindered finding a significant association between intake of various food groups and the examined descriptors of subject´s oral health. However, consumption of red meat and/or poultry and fish and other processed meats might be associated with a reduced presence of bucodental lesions. Conclusions: Diet of non-institutionalized elders showed insufficient intakes of practically all the surveyed food groups. This finding might be translated to the onset and perpetuation of bucodental lesions.


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