medigraphic.com
Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán

2017, Number 2

<< Back Next >>

Rev Invest Clin 2017; 69 (2)

The Epidemiological Challenges of Breast Cancer among Premenopausal Women in Limited Resource Settings

Torres-Mejía G, Navarro-Lechuga E, Tuesca-Molina RJ, Ángeles-Llerenas A

Language: English
References: 85
Page: 59-65
PDF size: 92.50 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women of reproductive age and is also the most costly according to European reports. In this context, the aim of the present review is to identify factors that make breast cancer in premenopausal women an epidemiological challenge in developing countries. Epidemiological aspects of breast cancer, including risk factors, early detection methods, and treatment, are addressed. Breast cancer in premenopausal women should be included in the political and strategic agendas in developing countries to direct the necessary resources for prevention, detection, and control.


REFERENCES

  1. Luengo-Fernandez R, Leal J, Gray A, et al. Economic burden of cancer across the European Union: a population-based cost analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2013;14:1165-74.

  2. Galukande M, Kiguli-Malwadde E. Rethinking breast cancer screening strategies in resource-limited settings. Afr Health Sci. 2010;10:89-92.

  3. DeSantis CE, Bray F, Ferlay J, et al. International variation in female breast cancer incidence and mortality rates. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2015;24:1495-506.

  4. Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, et al. Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer. 2010;127: 2893-917.

  5. Ghiasvand R, Adami HO, Harirchi I, et al. Higher incidence of premenopausal breast cancer in less developed countries; myth or truth? BMC Cancer. 2014;14:343.

  6. Rodriguez-Cuevas S, Macias CG, Franceschi D, et al. Breast carcinoma presents a decade earlier in Mexican women than in women in the United States or European countries. Cancer. 2001;91:863-8.

  7. Akarolo-Anthony SN, Ogundiran TO, Adebamowo CA. Emerging breast cancer epidemic: evidence from Africa. Breast Cancer Res. 2010;12(Suppl 4):S8.

  8. Bowen RL, Duffy SW, Ryan DA, et al. Early onset of breast cancer in a group of British black women. Br J Cancer. 2008;98: 277-81.

  9. Harirchi I, Ebrahimi M, Zamani N, et al. Breast cancer in Iran: a review of 903 case records. Public Health. 2000;114:143-5.

  10. Jack RH, Davies EA, Moller H. Breast cancer and age in Black and White women in South East England. Int J Cancer. 2012;130: 1227-9.

  11. Villarreal-Garza C, Aguila C, Magallanes-Hoyos MC, et al. Breast cancer in young women in Latin America: an unmet, growing burden. Oncologist. 2013;18(Suppl):26-34.

  12. Población entre 0 y 14 años de edad (% del total). 2016. Available at http://datos.bancomundial.org/indicator/SP.POP.0014. TO.ZS?locations=NG.)

  13. Kene TS, Odigie VI, Yusufu LM, et al. Pattern of presentation and survival of breast cancer in a teaching hospital in north Western Nigeria. Oman Med J. 2010;25:104-7.

  14. Ghiasvand R, Maram ES, Tahmasebi S, et al. Risk factors for breast cancer among young women in southern Iran. Int J Cancer. 2011;129:1443-9.

  15. Ravdin PM, Cronin KA, Howlader N, et al. The decrease in breastcancer incidence in 2003 in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:1670-4.

  16. Glass AG, Lacey JV, Carreon JD, et al. Breast cancer incidence, 1980-2006: combined roles of menopausal hormone therapy, screening mammography, and estrogen receptor status. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007;99:1152-61.

  17. Cragun D, Weidner A, Lewis C, et al. Racial disparities in BRCA testing and cancer risk management across a population-based sample of young breast cancer survivors. Cancer. 2017. (Epub ahead of print).

  18. Torres-Mejia G, Royer R, Llacuachaqui M, et al. Recurrent BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Mexican women with breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2015;24:498-505.

  19. Sanchez-Zamorano LM, Flores-Luna L, Angeles-Llerenas A, et al. Healthy lifestyle on the risk of breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2011;20:912-22.

  20. Torres-Mejia G, Angeles-Llerenas A, Ortega-Olvera C, et al. Moderate-intensity physical activity ameliorates the breast cancer risk in diabetic women. Diabetes Care. 2012;35:2500-2.

  21. Angeles-Llerenas A, Ortega-Olvera C, Perez-Rodriguez E, et al. Moderate physical activity and breast cancer risk: the effect of menopausal status. Cancer Causes Control. 2010;21:577-86.

  22. Youlden DR, Cramb SM, Dunn NA, et al. The descriptive epidemiology of female breast cancer: an international comparison of screening, incidence, survival and mortality. Cancer Epidemiol. 2012;36:237-48.

  23. Sighoko D, Kamate B, Traore C, et al. Breast cancer in premenopausal women in West Africa: analysis of temporal trends and evaluation of risk factors associated with reproductive life. Breast. 2013;22:828-35.

  24. Jung S, Spiegelman D, Baglietto L, et al. Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of breast cancer by hormone receptor status. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2013;105:219-36.

  25. Linos E, Spanos D, Rosner BA, et al. Effects of reproductive and demographic changes on breast cancer incidence in China: a modeling analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008;100:1352-60.

  26. Ziegler RG, Hoover RN, Pike MC, et al. Migration patterns and breast cancer risk in Asian-American women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993;85:1819-27.

  27. Nelson NJ. Migrant studies aid the search for factors linked to breast cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006;98:436-8.

  28. Jatoi I, Anderson WF. Cancer screening. Curr Probl Surg. 2005;42:620-82.

  29. Porter P. “Westernizing” women’s risks? Breast cancer in lowerincome countries. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:213-6.

  30. Chavarri-Guerra Y, St Louis J, Liedke PE, et al. Access to care issues adversely affect breast cancer patients in Mexico: oncologists’ perspective. BMC Cancer. 2014;14:658.

  31. Boyd NF, Guo H, Martin LJ, et al. Mammographic density and the risk and detection of breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:227-36.

  32. Welch HG, Prorok PC, O’Malley AJ, et al. Breast-cancer tumor size, overdiagnosis, and mammography screening effectiveness. N Engl J Med. 2016;375:1438-47.

  33. Thomas DB, Gao DL, Ray RM, et al. Randomized trial of breast self-examination in Shanghai: final results. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002;94:1445-57.

  34. Semiglazov VF, Manikhas AG, Moiseenko VM, et al. [Results of a prospective randomized investigation [Russia (St.Petersburg)/ WHO] to evaluate the significance of self-examination for the early detection of breast cancer]. Vopr Onkol. 2003;49:434-41.

  35. Sankaranarayanan R, Ramadas K, Thara S, et al. Clinical breast examination: preliminary results from a cluster randomized controlled trial in India. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2011;103:1476-80.

  36. Gadgil A, Sauvaget C, Roy N, et al. Cancer early detection program based on awareness and clinical breast examination: Interim results from an urban community in Mumbai, India. Breast. 2017;31:85-9.

  37. Miller AB. Early detection of breast cancer in the emerging world. Zentralbl Gynakol. 2006;128:191-5.

  38. Gonzalez-Robledo LM, Gonzalez-Robledo MC, Nigenda G, et al. [Government actions for the early detection of breast cancer in Latin America. Future challenges]. Salud Publica Mex. 2010;52: 533-43.

  39. Gutierrez-Rubio SA, Quintero-Ramos A, Duran-Cardenas A, et al. 1236 C/T and 3435 C/T polymorphisms of the ABCB1 gene in Mexican breast cancer patients. Genet Mol Res. 2015;14:1250-9.

  40. Parkin DM, Fernandez LM. Use of statistics to assess the global burden of breast cancer. Breast J. 2006;12(Suppl 1):S70-80.

  41. Zabicki K, Colbert JA, Dominguez FJ, et al. Breast cancer diagnosis in women < or = 40 versus 50 to 60 years: increasing size and stage disparity compared with older women over time. Ann Surg Oncol. 2006;13:1072-7.

  42. Ahn SH, Son BH, Kim SW, et al. Poor outcome of hormone receptor- positive breast cancer at very young age is due to tamoxifen resistance: nationwide survival data in Korea--a report from the Korean Breast Cancer Society. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25:2360-8.

  43. Yankaskas BC. Epidemiology of breast cancer in young women. Breast Dis. 2005;23:3-8.

  44. Villarreal-Garza C, Mohar A, Bargallo-Rocha JE, et al. Molecular subtypes and prognosis in young Mexican women with breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer. 2016. (Epub ahead of print).

  45. Rouhollahi MR, Mohagheghi MA, Mohammadrezai N, et al. Situation analysis of the National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program (2013) in the I. R. of Iran; assessment and recommendations based on the IAEA imPACT mission. Arch Iran Med. 2014;17:222-31.

  46. Love RR, Duc NB, Baumann LC, et al. Duration of signs and survival in premenopausal women with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2004;86:117-24.

  47. Malik AM, Pathan R, Shaikh NA, et al. Pattern of presentation and management of ca breast in developing countries. There is a lot to do. J Pak Med Assoc. 2010;60:718-21.

  48. Pakseresht S, Ingle GK, Garg S, et al. Stage at diagnosis and delay in seeking medical care among women with breast cancer, Delhi, India. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2014;16:e14490.

  49. Unger-Saldana K, Infante-Castaneda CB. Breast cancer delay: a grounded model of help-seeking behaviour. Soc Sci Med. 2011;72:1096-104.

  50. NORMA Oficial Mexicana NOM-041-SSA2-2011, Para la prevención, diagnóstico, tratamiento, control y vigilancia epidemiológica del cáncer de mama. 2011. Available at: http://www. dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5194157&fec ha=09/06/2011. (Accessed March 16 2017).

  51. Freitas AG, Weller M. Patient delays and system delays in breast cancer treatment in developed and developing countries. Cien Saude Colet. 2015;20:3177-89.

  52. Angeles-Llerenas A, Torres-Mejia G, Lazcano-Ponce E, et al. Effect of care-delivery delay on the survival of Mexican women with breast cancer. Salud Publica Mex. 2016;58:237-50.

  53. Unger-Saldana K, Miranda A, Zarco-Espinosa G, et al. Health system delay and its effect on clinical stage of breast cancer: Multicenter study. Cancer. 2015;121:2198-206.

  54. Alves Soares Ferreira N, Melo Figueiredo de Carvalho S, Engracia Valenti V, et al. Treatment delays among women with breast cancer in a low socio-economic status region in Brazil. BMC Womens Health. 2017;17:13.

  55. Jatoi I, Benson JR. Management of women with a hereditary predisposition for breast cancer. Future Oncol. 2016;12:2277-88.

  56. Waks AG, Partridge AH. fertility preservation in patients with breast cancer: necessity, methods, and safety. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2016;14:355-63.

  57. de la Noval BD. Potential implications on female fertility and reproductive lifespan in BRCA germline mutation women. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2016;294:1099-103.

  58. Villarreal-Garza C, Martinez-Cannon BA, Platas A, et al. Fertility concerns among breast cancer patients in Mexico. Breast. 2017;33:71-5.

  59. Blinder V, Patil S, Eberle C, et al. Early predictors of not returning to work in low-income breast cancer survivors: a 5-year longitudinal study. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2013;140:407-16.

  60. Bird PA, Hill AG, Houssami N. Poor hormone receptor expression in East African breast cancer: evidence of a biologically different disease? Ann Surg Oncol. 2008;15:1983-8.

  61. Huo D, Ikpatt F, Khramtsov A, et al. Population differences in breast cancer: survey in indigenous African women reveals overrepresentation of triple-negative breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:4515-21.

  62. Turkoz FP, Solak M, Petekkaya I, et al. Association between common risk factors and molecular subtypes in breast cancer patients. Breast. 2013;22:344-50.

  63. Trinkaus ME, Sayed S, Gakinya SM, et al. Triple negative and basal-like breast cancer in East Africa. Breast J. 2011;17:438-40.

  64. Gordon NH. Socioeconomic factors and breast cancer in black and white Americans. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2003;22:55-65.

  65. Anderson WF, Chu KC, Chang S, et al. Comparison of age-specific incidence rate patterns for different histopathologic types of breast carcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004; 13:1128-35.

  66. Hutchinson L. Screening: BRCA testing in women younger than 50 with triple-negative breast cancer is cost effective. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2010;7:611.

  67. Villarreal-Garza C, Weitzel JN, Llacuachaqui M, et al. The prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations among young Mexican women with triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2015;150:389-94.

  68. Partridge AH, Hughes ME, Ottesen RA, et al. The effect of age on delay in diagnosis and stage of breast cancer. Oncologist. 2012;17:775-82.

  69. El Saghir NS, Adebamowo CA, Anderson BO, et al. Breast cancer management in low resource countries (LRCs): consensus statement from the Breast Health Global Initiative. Breast. 2011;20(Suppl 2):S3-11.

  70. Harford J, Azavedo E, Fischietto M, et al. Guideline implementation for breast healthcare in low- and middle-income countries: breast healthcare program resource allocation. Cancer. 2008;113:2282-96.

  71. Allemani C, Weir HK, Carreira H, et al. Global surveillance of cancer survival 1995-2009: analysis of individual data for 25,676,887 patients from 279 population-based registries in 67 countries (CONCORD-2). Lancet. 2015;385:977-1010.

  72. Health expenditure per capita (current US$). 2014. Available at: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.XPD.PCAP/countries/ XM?display=graph. (Accessed March 16, 2017).

  73. Jemal A, Tiwari RC, Murray T, et al. Cancer statistics, 2004. CA Cancer J Clin. 2004;54:8-29.

  74. Pichon-Riviere A, Garay OU, Augustovski F, et al. Implications of global pricing policies on access to innovative drugs: the case of trastuzumab in seven Latin American Countries. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2015;31:2-11.

  75. Ventura-Alfaro CE, Torres-Mejia G, Avila-Burgos Ldel S. Hospitalization and mortality in Mexico due to breast cancer since its inclusion in the catastrophic expenditures scheme. Salud Publica Mex. 2016;58:187-96.

  76. Knaul FM, Gonzalez-Pier E, Gomez-Dantes O, et al. The quest for universal health coverage: achieving social protection for all in Mexico. Lancet. 2012;380:1259-79.

  77. Vargas-Rivas JE, Montes-Casas MM, Cancela-Diez B, et al. Study of compliance with prescription information sheet of trastuzumab prescriptions in a tertiary level hospital. Farm Hosp. 2012;36:135-40.

  78. Schnipper LE, Smith TJ, Raghavan D, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology identifies five key opportunities to improve care and reduce costs: the top five list for oncology. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30:1715-24.

  79. Capri S, Russo A. Cost of breast cancer based on real-world data: a cancer registry study in Italy. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017;17:84.

  80. Bazargani YT, de Boer A, Schellens JH, et al. Essential medicines for breast cancer in low and middle income countries. BMC Cancer. 2015;15:591.

  81. Kotsopoulos J, Huzarski T, Gronwald J, et al. Bilateral oophorectomy and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2016;109.

  82. Anderson BO, Yip CH, Ramsey SD, et al. Breast cancer in limitedresource countries: health care systems and public policy. Breast J. 2006;12(Suppl 1):S54-69.

  83. McCutcheon S, Cardoso F. Challenges in optimizing care in advanced breast cancer patients: Results of an international survey linked to the ABC1 consensus conference. Breast. 2015;24:623-9.

  84. Goldhirsch A, Winer EP, Coates AS, et al. Personalizing the treatment of women with early breast cancer: highlights of the St Gallen International Expert Consensus on the Primary Therapy of Early Breast Cancer 2013. Ann Oncol. 2013;24:2206-23.

  85. Kantelhardt EJ, Cubasch H, Hanson C. Taking on breast cancer in East Africa: global challenges in breast cancer. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2015;27:108-14.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com