2016, Number 2
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Rev Cubana Med Trop 2016; 68 (2)
Anti-plasmodial activity of Parthenium hysterophorus L. lactones and Argemone mexicana L. alkaloids in Cuba
Fernández-Calienes VA, Mendiola MJ, Scull LR, Morier DL, Linares DR, Mendoza LD, Cuéllar CA
Language: Spanish
References: 31
Page: 136-147
PDF size: 134.49 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Argemone mexicana L. and
Parthenium hysterophorus L. are plants
with history of antimalarial use in Cuba. Several studies have validated the
antiplasmodial activity of these species in other countries. Alkaloids and lactones
are the active principles of these plants.
Objective: to evaluate antiplasmodial activity of alkaloid-rich and lactone-rich
extracts from
A. mexicana and P. hysterophorus harvested in Cuba.
Methods: Crude extracts from the aerial parts of
A. mexicana and from the root of
P. Hysterophorus; alkaloid- rich extract from
A. mexicana and two lactone-rich
extracts from root and aerial part of
P. Hysterophorus were prepared. The activity
of these extracts was evaluated in vitro against
P. berghei and citotoxicity against
human fibroblast MRC-5 was determined. The most selective extract was evaluated
in vivo in a rodent model.
Results: Only those fractions without alkaloids and without lactones exhibited non
inhibitory action on
P. berghei squizogony development at 100 g/mL. The lactonerich
extract of
P. hysterophorus aerial part was the most cytotoxic but the least
selective (IS ‹ 1). The rest of active extracts exhibited similar selectivity indexes
(3.0; 3.7 y 3.1). Intraperitoneal administration of
A. mexicana crude extract caused
significant reduction of parasitemia in the mice treated with 500 mg/kg, whereas,
alkaloid- rich extract caused toxicity at 200 mg/kg and caused a non-significant
reduction of parasitemia at 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg. The treatment with crude
extract of
P. hysterophorus root was very toxic at a dose of 500 mg/kg, whereas
the lactone-rich extract was no toxic and brought a significant reduction of
parasitemia in mice treated with 1 000 mg/kg.
Conclusions: The results show the potential of lactone-rich extract from
P.
hysterophorus root as a basis for a future anti-malarial phytomedicine.
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