2016, Number 6
<< Back Next >>
salud publica mex 2016; 58 (6)
The intellectual developmental disorders Mexico study: situational diagnosis, burden, genomics and intervention proposal
Lazcano-Ponce E, Katz G, Rodríguez-Valentín R, de Castro F, Allen-Leigh B, Márquez-Caraveo ME, Ramírez-García MÁ, Arroyo-García E, Medina-Mora ME, Ángeles G, Urquieta-Salomón JE,Salvador-Carulla L
Language: English
References: 93
Page: 694-707
PDF size: 623.89 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Objective. This study aims to generate evidence on intellectual
development disorders (IDD) in Mexico.
Materials
and methods. IDD disease burden will be estimated with
a probabilistic model, using population-based surveys. Direct
and indirect costs of catastrophic expenses of families with a
member with an IDD will be evaluated. Genomic characterization
of IDD will include: sequencing participant exomes
and performing bioinformatics analyses to identify de novo
or inherited variants through trio analysis; identifying genetic
variants associated with IDD, and validating randomly selected
variants by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing
or real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Delphi surveys will be
done on best practices for IDD diagnosis and management.
An external evaluation will employ qualitative case studies of
two social and labor inclusion programs for people with IDD.
Conclusions. The results will constitute scientific evidence
for the design, promotion and evaluation of public policies,
which are currently absent on IDD.
REFERENCES
Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI). Encuesta Nacional de la Dinámica Demográfica 2014 [internet document]. México: INEGI, 2014 [accessed: October 30, 2016]. Available in: http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/proyectos/encuestas/hogares/ especiales/enadid/enadid2014/
De Castro F, Allen-Leigh B, Katz G, Salvador-Carulla L, Lazcano-Ponce E. Indicadores de bienestar y desarrollo infantil en México. Salud Publica Mex 2013;55(supl 2):S267-S275.
Lazcano-Ponce E, Katz G, Allen-Leigh B, Magaña Valladares L, Rangel-Eudave G, Minoletti A, et al. Trastornos del desarrollo intelectual en América Latina: un marco para establecer prioridades políticas de investigación y atención. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2013;34(3):204-209.
Organización Mundial de la Salud. CIE 10: Trastornos mentales y del comportamiento. Descripciones clínicas y pautas para el diagnóstico. Clasificación Internacional de las Enfermedades Mentales. 10a Revisión. Madrid: Meditor, 1992.
Salvador-Carulla L, Reed GM, Vaez-Azizi LM, Cooper SA, Martinez-Leal R, Bertelli M, et al. Intellectual developmental disorders: towards a new name, definition and framework for “mental retardation/intellectual disability” in ICD-11. World Psychiatry 2011;10(3):175-180. http://doi.org/btmv
Kaufman L, Ayub M, Vincent JB. The genetic basis of non-syndromic intellectual disability: a review. J Neurodev Disord 2010;2(4):182-209. http:// doi.org/bvdm65
United Nations. Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities [internet document]. UN Web Services Section, 2006 [accessed: September 30, 2016]. Available in: http://www.un.org/disabilities/convention/ convention.shtml
Madans JH, Loeb ME, Altman BM. Measuring disability and monitoring the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: the work of the Washington Group on Disability Statistics. BMC Public Health 2011;11(Suppl 4):S4.
World Health Organization. World report on disability. Malta: WHO, 2011.
Stephens T, Joubert N. The economic burden of mental health problems in Canada. Chronic Dis Can 2001;22(1):18-23.
Doran CM, Einfeld SL, Madden RH, Otim M, Horstead SK, Ellis LA, Emerson E. How much does intellectual disability really cost? First estimates for Australia. J Intellect Dev Disabil 2012;37(1):42-49. http://doi.org/btmw
Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI). Las personas con discapacidad en México: una visión al 2010. México: INEGI, 2010.
Urquieta-Salomón JE, Figueroa JL, Hernández-Prado B. El gasto en salud relacionado con la condición de discapacidad: un análisis en población pobre de México. Salud Publica Mex 2008;50(2):136-146. http:// doi.org/bb38bv
Curry CJ, Stevenson RE, Aughton D, Byrne J, Carey JC, Cassidy S, et al. Evaluation of mental retardation: recommendations of a Consensus Conference: American College of Medical Genetics. Am J Med Genet 1997;72(4):468-477. http://doi.org/bk3jxg
Tzschach A, Ropers H. Genetics of Mental Retardation. Dtsch Arztebl 2007;104(20):A1400-A1405.
American Psychiatric Association (APA). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). Arlington, VA (USA): American Psychiatric Publishing, 2013.
Fombonne E. Epidemiology of pervasive developmental disorders. Pediatr Res 2009;65(6):591-598. http://doi.org/fppgjn
Kuntsi J, Eley TC, Taylor A, Hughes C, Asherson P, Caspi A, et al. Cooccurrence of ADHD and low IQ has genetic origins. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatric Genet 2004;124B(1):41-47. http://doi.org/d5ctcg
Simonoff E, Pickles A, Wood N, Gringras P, Chadwick O. ADHD symptoms in children with mild intellectual disability. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2007;46(5):591-600. http://doi.org/b4fxhq
Gadow KD, Devincent CJ, Pomeroy J, Azizian A. Comparison of DSM-IV symptoms in elementary school-age children with PDD versus clinic and community samples. Autism 2005;9(4):392-415. http://doi.org/ds27h9
Gargaro BA, Rinehart NJ, Bradshaw JL, Tonge BJ, Sheppard DM. Autism and ADHD: how far have we come in the comorbidity debate? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2011;35(5):1081-1088. http://doi.org/ckzdhb
Kummer A, Barbosa IG, Rodrigues DH, Rocha NP, Rafael MD, Pfeilsticker L, et al. Frequency of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with autism andattention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Rev Paul Pediatr 2016;34(1):71-77. http://doi.org/btmx
Krause S, Ware R, McPherson L, Lennox N, O’Callaghan M. Obesity in adolescents with intellectual disability: Prevalence and associated characteristics. Obes Res Clin Pract 2016;10(5):520-530. http://doi.org/btmz
Biamino E, Di Gregorio E, Belligni EF, Keller R, Riberi E, Gandione M, et al. A novel 3q29 deletion associated with autism, intellectual disability, psychiatric disorders, and obesity. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2016;171(2):290-299. http://doi.org/btm2
Mundhofir FE, Winarni TI, van Bon BW, Aminah S, Nillesen WM, Merkx G, et al. A cytogenetic study in a large population of intellectually disabled Indonesians. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2012;16(5):412-417. http://doi. org/fxj4pn
Reiss AL, Hall SS. Fragile X syndrome: assessment and treatment implications. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 2007;16(3):663-675. http:// doi.org/bgjjh4
Rauch A, Wieczorek D, Graf E, Wieland T, Endele S, Schwarzmayr T, et al. Range of genetic mutations associated with severe non-syndromic sporadic intellectual disability: an exome sequencing study. Lancet 2012;380(9854):1674-1682. http://doi.org/f2fspm
Sagoo GS, Butterworth AS, Sanderson S, Shaw-Smith C, Higgins JP, Burton H. Array CGH in patients with learning disability (mental retardation) and congenital anomalies: updated systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 studies and 13,926 subjects. Genet Med 2009;11(3):139-146. http://doi. org/bqsp6c
Vissers LE, Gilissen C, Veltman JA. Genetic studies in intellectual disability and related disorders. Nat Rev Genet 2016;17(1):9-18. http://doi. org/btm3
Srivastava AK, Schwartz CE. Intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders: causal genes and molecular mechanisms. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014;46(Pt 2):161-174. http://doi.org/btm4
Lionel AC, Crosbie J, Barbosa N, Goodale T, Thiruvahindrapuram B, Rickaby J, et al. Rare copy number variation discovery and crossdisorder comparisons identify risk genes for ADHD. Sci Transl Med 2011;3(95):95ra75. http://doi.org/bvtgqz
Hiroi N, Takahashi T, Hishimoto A, Izumi T, Boku S, Hiramoto T. Copy number variation at 22q11.2: from rare variants to common mechanisms of developmental neuropsychiatric disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2013;18(11):1153-1165. http://doi.org/btm5
Ramalingam A, Zhou XG, Fiedler SD, Brawner SJ, Joyce JM, Liu HY, et al. 16p13.11 Duplication is a risk factor for a wide spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders. J Hum Genet 2011;56(7):541-544. http://doi.org/c98zd4
van Bokhoven H. Genetic and epigenetic networks in intellectual disabilities. Annu Rev Genet 2011;45:81-104. http://doi.org/dqcggh
Xu LM, Li JR, Huang Y, Zhao M, Tang X, Wei L. AutismKB: an evidence-based knowledgebase of autism genetics. Nucleic Acids Res 2012;40:D1016-D1022. http://doi.org/dc6bpk
Delorme R, Ey E, Toro R, Leboyer M, Gillberg C, Bourgeron T. Progress toward treatments for synaptic defects in autism. Nat Med 2013;19(6):685-694. http://doi.org/f22vgn
Gilman SR, Iossifov I, Levy D, Ronemus M, Wigler M, Vitkup D. Rare de novo variants associated with autism implicate a large functional network of genes involved in formation and function of synapses. Neuron 2011;70(5):898-907. http://doi.org/dz8msx
Humeau Y, Gambino F, Chelly J, Vitale N. X-linked mental retardation: focus on synaptic function and plasticity. J Neurochem 2009;109(1):1-14. http://doi.org/cgjfqp
Cristino AS, Williams SM, Hawi Z, An JY, Bellgrove MA, Schwartz CE, et al. Neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders represent an interconnected molecular system. Mol Psychiatry 2014;19(3):294-301. http://doi.org/btm6
Jiang YH, Wang Y, Xiu X, Choy KW, Pursley AN, Cheung SW. Genetic diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders: the opportunity and challenge in the genomics era. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2014;51(5):249-262. http://doi. org/btm7
Li Z, Chang SH, Zhang LY, Gao L, Wang J. Molecular genetic studies of ADHD and its candidate genes: a review. Psychiatry Res 2014;219(1):10- 24. http://doi.org/btm8
Mefford HC, Batshaw ML, Hoffman EP. Genomics, intellectual disability, and autism. N Engl J Med 2012;366(8):733-743. http://doi.org/btm9
Willemsen MH, Kleefstra T. Making headway with genetic diagnostics of intellectual disabilities. Clin Genet 2014;85(2):101-110. http://doi.org/btnb
Miller DT, Adam MP, Aradhya S, Biesecker LG, Brothman AR, Carter NP, et al. Consensus statement: chromosomal microarray is a first tier clinical diagnostic test for individuals with developmental disabilities or congenital anomalies. Am J Hum Genet 2010;86(5):749-764. http://doi.org/ckmnsx
de Ligt J, Willemsen MH, van Bon BW, Kleefstra T, Yntema HG, Kroes T, et al. Diagnostic exome sequencing in persons with sever intellectual disability. N Engl J Med 2012;367(20):1921-1929. http://doi.org/btnc
Gilissen C, Hehir-Kwa JY, Thung DT, van de Vorst M, van Bon BW, Willemsen MH, et al. Genome sequencing identifies major causes of severe intellectual disability. Nature 2014;511(7509):344-347. http://doi.org/tdx
World Health Organization. WHO methods and data sources for global burden of disease estimates 2000-2011. Geneve: WHO, 2013.
Gregori D. Evidences to validate public policies: a review with an international research perspective. Salud Publica Mex 2014;56(Suppl 2):s157-s161.
Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI). Sistema de Cuentas Nacionales. Cuenta Satélite del Trabajo no Remunerado de los Hogares. Fuentes y Metodología [internet document]. México: INEGI, 2013 [accessed: September 15, 2016]. Available in: http://www.inegi.org. mx/est/contenidos/proyectos/cn/tnrh/doc/SCNM_Metodologia_12.pdf
Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social. Metodología para la medición multidimensional de la pobreza en México (2a ed.). México, DF: Coneval, 2014.
Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Shytle D, Milo K, Hergueta T, Colón SM. Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for children and adolescents [M.I.N.I. KID]. Version 1.1 Medical Outcome Systems, Inc. 2000.
De la Peña OF, Esquivel AG, Pérez GAJ, Palacios CL. Validación Concurrente para Trastornos Externalizados del MINI-Kid y la Entrevista Semiestructurada para Adolescentes. Rev Chil Psiquiatr Neurol Infanc Adolesc 2009;20(1):8-12.
Weschler D. Escala de inteligencia para escolares [Intelligence scale for schoolchildren]. WISC-IV. México: El Manual Moderno, 2005.
Thorndike RL, Hagen EP, Sattler JM. Stanford-Binet intelligence scale. Chicago: Riverside Publishing Company. 1986.
Sparrow SS, Balla DA, Cicchetti DV. Vineland-II adaptive behavior scales. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service, 2005.
Ustun TB, Kostanjsek N, Chatterji S, Rehm J. Measuring health and disability. Manual for WHO Disability Assessment Schedule, WHODAS 2.0. Geneva: WHO, 2010.
Schopler E, Reichler RJ, Renner BR. The childhood autism rating scale (CARS). Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services, 1988.
Flores RY, Albores GL. Validity of Mexican cars version. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2016;55(10): S110.
Rutter M, Le Couteur A, Lord C. Autism diagnostic interview-revised. Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services, 2003.
Kumar A, Karmarkar AM, Tan A, Graham JE, Arcari CM, Ottenbacher KJ, et al. The effect of obesity on incidence of disability and mortality in Mexicans aged 50 years and older. Salud Publica Mex 2015;57(Suppl 1):S31-S38.
Garrison E, Marth G. Haplotype-based variant detection from shortread sequencing. arXiv:1207.3907. Cornell University Library, 2012 [accessed October 30, 2016]. Available at: http//arvix.org/abs/1207.3907
Barnes C, Plagnol V. CNVtools: A package to test genetic association with CNV data. R package version 1.64.0. 2009.
Krumm N, Sudmant PH, Ko A, O’Roak BJ, Malig M, Coe BP, et al. Copy number variation detection and genotyping from exome sequence data. Genome Res 2012;22(8):1525-1532. http://doi.org/btnd
Adzhubei IA, Schmidt S, Peshkin L, Ramensky VE, Gerasimova A, Bork P, et al. A method and server for predicting damaging missense mutations. Nat Methods 2010;7(4):248-249. http://doi.org/cc4rrw
Kumar P, Henikoff S, Ng PC. Predicting the effects of coding nonsynonymous variants on protein function using the SIFT algorithm. Nat Protoc 2009;4(7):1073-1081. http://doi.org/bk5p4w
Pawson R, Greenhalgh T, Harvey G, Walshe K. Realist review – a new method of systematic review designed for complex policy interventions. J Health Serv Res Policy 2005;10(1):21-34. http://doi.org/bq76wh
Rycroft-Malone J, McCormack B, Hutchinson AM, DeCorby K, Bucknall TK, Kent B, et al. Realist synthesis: illustrating the method for implementation research. Implement Sci 2012;7(33):1-10. http://doi.org/f24k4f
McVeigh J, MacLachlan M, Gilmore B, McClean C, Eide AH, Mannan H, et al. Promoting good policy for leadership and governance of health related rehabilitation: a realist synthesis. Global Health 2016;12(1):49. http://doi.org/btnf
The Cochrane Collaboration. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions [internet document]. London: The Cochrane Collaboration, 2015 [accessed November 8, 2016]. Available in: http:// handbook.cochrane.org/
Kuipers P, Wirz S, Hartley S. Systematic synthesis of community-based rehabilitation (CBR) project evaluation reports for evidence-based policy: a proof-of-concept study. BMC Int Health Hum Rights 2008;8:3. http://doi. org/fgfcxj
Kuipers P, Hartley S. A process for the systematic review of community- based rehabilitation evaluation reports: formulating evidence for policy and practice. Int J Rehabil Res 2006;29(1):27-30. http://doi.org/ccsbv6
Petry K, Maes B, Vlaskamp C. Operationalizing quality of life for people with profound multiple disabilities: a Delphi study. J Intellect Disabil Res 2007;51(Pt 5):334-349. http://doi.org/c5cgbs
Tuffrey-Wijne I, Bernal J, Butler G, Hollins S, Curfs L. Using Nominal Group Technique to investigate the views of people with intellectual disabilities on end-of-life care provision. J Adv Nurs 2007;58(1):80-89. http:// doi.org/fc45p8
Dening KH, Jones L, Sampson EL. Preferences for end-of-life care: a nominal group study of people with dementia and their family carers. Palliat Med 2013;27(5):409-417. http://doi.org/btng
Geist MR. Using the Delphi method to engage stakeholders: a comparison of two studies. Eval Program Plann 2010;33(2):147-154. http://doi. org/dqwwvz
Linstone HA, Turoff M, eds. The Delphi Method. Techniques and Applications. Portland, New Jersey: Portland State University, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 2002.
Okoli C, Pawlowski SD. The Delphi method as a research tool: an example, design considerations and applications. Information & Management 2004;42:15-29. http://doi.org/d7zrdc
Yin RK. The Case Study Method as a Tool for Doing Evaluation. Current Sociology 1992;40:121-137. http://doi.org/b9s9jk
Egan MY, Kubina LA, Lidstone RI, Macdougall GH, Raudoy AE. A critical reflection on occupational therapy within one Assertive Community Treatment team. Can J Occup Ther 2010;77(2):70-79. http://doi.org/fjrvs6
Cornielje H, Nicholls PG, Velema J. Making sense of rehabilitation projects: classification by objectives. Lepr Rev 2000;71(4):472-485. http:// doi.org/btnh
Cornielje H, Velema JP, Finkenflügel H. Community based rehabilitation programmes: monitoring and evaluation in order to measure results. Lepr Rev 2008;79(1):36-49.
Velema JP, Finkenflügel HJ, Cornielje H. Gains and losses of structured information collection in the evaluation of ‘rehabilitation in the community’ programmes: ten lessons learnt during actual evaluations. Disabil Rehabil 2008;30(5):396-404. http://doi.org/fs43w4
Velema JP, Cornielje H. Reflect before you act: providing structure to the evaluation of rehabilitation programmes. Disabil Rehabil 2003;25(22):1252-1264. http://doi.org/d8bs76
Cornielje H, Nicholls PG, Velema JP. Avoiding misperceptions: classifying rehabilitation projects using letters rather than numbers. Lepr Rev 2002;73(1):47-51.
Kuipers P, Foster M, Carlson G, Moy J. Classifying client goals in community-based ABI rehabilitation: a taxonomy for profiling service delivery and conceptualizing outcomes. Disabil Rehabil 2003;25(3):154- 162. http://doi.org/bdfq4m
Doig E, Fleming J, Kuipers P, Cornwell PL. Comparison of rehabilitation outcomes in day hospital and home settings for people with acquired brain injury-a systematic review. Disabil Rehabil 2010;32(25):2061-2077. http://doi.org/c4k9nd
Hsieh HF, Shannon SE. Three Approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis. Qual Health Res 2005;15(9):1277-1288. http://doi.org/bhp2s9
Ryan GW, Bernard HR. Techniques to Identify Themes. Field Methods 2003;15:85-109. http://doi.org/b7bx2v
Charmaz K. Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative analysis. London: Sage, 2006.
Ayres L, Kavanaugh K, Knafl KA. Within-case and across-case approaches to qualitative data analysis. Qual Health Res 2003;13(6):871-883. http://doi.org/cwvf4f
Doig E, Fleming J, Cornwell PL, Kuipers P. Qualitative exploration of a client-centered, goal-directed approach to community-based occupational therapy for adults with traumatic brain injury. Am J Occup Ther 2009;63(5):559-568. http://doi.org/ctvrpr
Kuipers P, Allen O. Preliminary guidelines for the implementation of Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR) approaches in rural, remote and Indigenous communities in Australia. Rural Remote Health 2004;4(3):291.
Kuipers P, Kendall E, Hancock T. Developing a rural community-based disability service: (I) service framework and implementation strategy. Aust J Rural Health 2001;9(1):22-28. http://doi.org/bjcs9b