2016, Number 1
Child abuse and sociodemographic-environmental factors associated with children with delayed psychomotor development (Habana Vieja, 2010–2013)
Language: Spanish
References: 27
Page: 17-25
PDF size: 583.49 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To identify the relationship between child abuse and other factors with delayed psychomotor development.Methods: A case–control study was performed in a universe of 410 children born in the years 2010–2013 in the area of the "Robert Manuel Zulueta Cayol" Teaching Polyclinic, which was intentionally selected by its background and high social risk. It was considered as abuse: fetal, physical, sexual, and psychological abuse and neglect. Variables associated with child abuse and delayed psychomotor development such as parental age, education level, desire for offspring; socioeconomic status and parental stress were studied. Parental stress was considered according to changing of their lifestyle, personal disorganization and difficulty in expressing emotions. For analysis, the chi–square test, the relative risk (RR), a 95% confidence interval, and multivariate analysis of the main components were used.
Results: A sample of 170 children was calculated by the method of simple random, and after the sample decline we worked with 111 children. The sample was divided into 37 patients with delayed psychomotor development and 74 non–delayed children. The delayed psychomotor development is 33.3%. It´s much higher than municipal reference because of small sample size and severity of social factors. 89.19% of patients with delay was exposed to some form of abuse (χ2= 5.51; p= 0.01 OR: 3.72, IC: 1.17–11.73), predominating abandonment or neglect in 72.7%. The parental stress occurred in patients with delayed psychomotor development in 75.7% (χ2= 25.26; p=0,000 OR: 9.01, IC: 3.32–25.12).
Conclusions: There is a relationship between child abuse and delayed psychomotor development, in particular, the abandonment or neglect and parental stress. It´s suggested performing similar work in larger samples that allows generalization of these results to study universe.
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