2016, Number 1
Risk factors associated with falls in the elderly at 'Hermanos Cruz' teaching polyclinic
Language: Spanish
References: 13
Page: 40-46
PDF size: 370.95 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: falls undoubtedly constitute a major medical and social problem, having a great incidence among the elderly population, the problems derived from them and the progressive increase of 60 years old and older people.Objective: to identify the risk factors associated with falls in the elderly during 2014, in a Basic Working Team from "Hermanos Cruz" university polyclinic, Pinar del Río.
Methods: theoretical (historical-logical, analysis-synthesis and induction-deduction procedures), empirical (documentary analysis of medical records and surveys applied to the elderly and their families or caregivers), where methods of descriptive statistics through summary measures for qualitative variables (percentage) were used.
Results: 6.7% of elderly having falls are between 60 and 70 years old and male sex (9.7%). The extrinsic environmental risk factors that most affected were those related to footwear and those present in the bedroom; physiological risk factors were gait disturbances in men, and multipathology/polypharmacy in women; others found were cardiovascular diseases, cervical osteoarthritis and cataracts.
Conclusions: falls in the elderly represent a problem to the public health care system and for the No-1 Basic Working Team at "Hermanos Cruz" university polyclinic, which has a propensity to worsen with the demographic aging, so knowledge increase and the modification of associated risk factors are very important to deal with their prevention and control.
REFERENCES
Marinês Tambara L, Daniani C, Kirchner R, Hildebrandt L M. Capacidad funcional y nivel cognitivo de adultos mayores residentes en una comunidad en el sur de Brasil. Revista Enfermería Global. [internet]. 2015 [citado 16 jul 2015]; 14(37): Disponible en: http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?pid=S1695-61412015000100001&script=sci_arttext
Ory MG, Smith ML, Wade A, Mounce C, Wilson A et al. Implementación y diseminación de un programa basado en evidencias para la prevención de caídas en adultos mayores, Texas, 2007-2009. Preventing chronic disease [internet] 2010[citado 30 de enero. 2015];7(6): Disponible en : http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/nov/09_0224_es.htm .
Cruz Quijano PD, Pérez Portal A, Piloto Rodríguez A, Díaz López D, Morales Izaguirre A, Reyes Herrera Y. Algunas causales relacionadas con caídas en el hogar del adulto mayor. Rev Cubana Med Gen Integr [internet]. 2015 [citado 6 may 2015]; 31(1): Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?pid=S0864-21252015000100006&script=sci_arttext.
Cobo Sevilla V, Arias Soto V. Efectividad del entrenamiento del equilibrio en la prevención de caídas en el adulto mayor pertenecientes al grupo años dorados del cantón Ambato. Repositorio Universidad Técnica de Ambato.[internet]. 2015 [citado 12 jul 2015]; 3(1): Disponible en: http://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/12527
Azoh Barry J. Un aspecto de salud desapercibido y desatendido, los riesgos de caída domiciliaria en edad avanzada. Comunitania: Revista internacional de trabajo social y ciencias sociales. [internet]. 2015 [citado 22 Sep 2015]; 10:97-112. Disponible en: http://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/5216767.pdf.
García Gutiérrez A. Eficacia de una estrategia educativa, sobre el grado de conocimiento de factores de riesgo, que condicionan caídas en el adulto mayor, en el primer nivel de atención. Repositorio Institucional UAQ. [internet]. 2015 [citado 30 jul 2015]; 12(2): Disponible en: http://ri.uaq.mx/bitstream/123456789/3093/1/RI002130.PDF.
Díaz Garcia EJ , Juárez Gutierrez IH. Factores de riesgo asociados al Síndrome Confusional Agudo en pacientes adultos mayores del Hospital I " Agustín Arbulu Neyra" _ Essalud _ Ferreñafe. Revista Científica Salud & Vida Sipanense Perú. [internet]. 2015 [citado 4 de nov 2015]; 2(1): Disponible en: http://www.pead.uss.edu.pe/ojs/index.php/SVS/article/view/77 .
Albavera Gutiérrez RR, López García R, Antonio Romero CE, Gurrola Mendoza K, Montero Quijano MG, Pérez Solares A. Mortalidad de pacientes con fractura de cadera a cinco años de evolución en el Hospital Regional General Ignacio Zaragoza. Revista de Especialidades Médico-Quirúrgicas. [internet]. 2013 [citado 23 de Sep 2015]; 18:31-36: Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/pdf/473/47326333005.pdf .