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Academia Mexicana de Neurología, A.C.

2015, Number 3

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Rev Mex Neuroci 2015; 16 (3)

Transient symptoms in multiple sclerosis

Treviño-Frenk I, Flores J, Vidaltamayo R

Language: Spanish
References: 44
Page: 27-38
PDF size: 231.21 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifocal demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, which can produce a great diversity of transient and/ or progressive symptoms with a gradual onset of disability that is usually irreversible. Demyelination produces an alteration of neurological function due to the loss of both the isolating properties of myelin and its capability to accelerate the transmission of the nerve impulse. Typical MS relapses comprise periods of weeks or months of neurological symptoms that may or may not evolve into chronic stage when recovery is incomplete. Many MS patients experience brief and transient symptoms that may last seconds to minutes and are not due to the presence of new demyelinating plaques. Symptomatic relapses manifest as the loss of function, which may present as both positive and negative symptoms, such as loss of vision, hypoesthesia, paresis, double vision and ataxia. The most frequent positive symptoms reported by MS patients are paresthesiae, paroxysmal itching, trigeminal neuralgia, phosphenes, tonic spasms, facial myokymia and Lhremitte’s sign. These manifestations arise from the hyperexcitability of myelin-deprived axons, in which ectopic electric impulses, synchronic axonal discharges, impulse irradiation, ephaptic interactions and an increase of mechanosensitivity arise.


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