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2016, Number 1

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Rev Mex Patol Clin Med Lab 2016; 63 (1)

Saliva samples utility in the laboratory diagnosis

Barriga AG, Hernández SEA

Language: Spanish
References: 31
Page: 13-18
PDF size: 217.94 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The advances in the analytical methodology of the clinical laboratories in the last decades and the development of numerous dispositives and techniques in the obtention and processing of saliva samples with adequate characteristics and quantities for analysis has made possible a totally new field in the laboratory diagnosis based in the use of this sample. The principal advantages of the use of saliva samples in laboratory diagnosis instead of blood samples are: low risk of adquisition of accidental infections associated with venipuncture in health personnel, the easy obtention of this sample mainly in small or premature children, obese or in chemotherapy patients and the fact that its obtention is not an invasive or painful procedure, does not requires specific training, it can be repeated in numerous occasions and his applications are diverse; hormones, abuse of drugs, heavy metals, diagnosis and management of infectious diseases, metabolic, neoplastic, congenital metabolic disorders, forensic, legal and labor medicine, and for epidemiological purpouses. The main disadvantages of saliva samples in comparation with blood samples, are that the analytes are in lower concentrations, the possible interference with some tests derived from the bacterial enzymatic activity, food and mucous presence in saliva samples, however this problems has been surpassed using filtering and using more quantities of sample. In this work we described the characteristics, components, functions and the origen of human saliva, its applications in the laboratory diagnosis, the adequate obtention of samples, and the advantages and disadvantages of this sample in relation with blood.


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