medigraphic.com
ISSN 1527-3172 (Electronic)

2012, Number 2

<< Back Next >>

MEDICC Review 2012; 14 (2)

Hormone profile of menopausal women in Havana

Navarro D, Acosta A, Robles E, Díaz C

Language: English
References: 29
Page: 13-15
PDF size: 81.38 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: There is a tendency among women today to delay the age at which they have their first child or subsequent children. This creates a dilemma for couples, since health professionals tend to counsel against pregnancy in women aged ≥ 40 years without considering their reproductive potential and their ability to and likelihood of conceiving and carrying to term a healthy newborn at little or no risk.
Objective: Assess hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis function in menopausal women in Havana, to evaluate relevance to reproductive potential.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from March 2006 through March 2008 of 230 healthy women aged 40–59 years seen in the Menopause and Osteoporosis Clinic in Havana, Cuba. Chart review yielded data on current age, stage of climacteric and hormone levels expressed in means and standard deviations: serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol and testosterone. Analysis of variance was used for assesment by age group and stage of menopause (eumenorrheic, perimenopausal and postmenopausal), with a p value of ‹ 0.05 set as significance level.
Results: Mean serum hormone levels in eumenorrheic women were: FSH 6.97 IU/L,LH 4.23 IU/L and estradiol 314 pmol/L; in perimenopausal women: FSH 34.69 IU/L, LH 20.78 IU/L and estradiol 201 pmol/L; and in postmenopausal women: FSH 75.43 IU/L, LH 37.59 IU/L and estradiol 117 pmol/L (p ‹ 0.05 for difference between eumenorrheic and postmenopausal women). There was a progressive increase in FSH and LH and a decline in estradiol with older age. There was no significant difference in testosterone levels by age or stage of menopause.
Conclusions: Menstrual cycle and hormonal levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis should be considered in addition to chronological age when determining reproductive potential in women aged 40–59 years.


REFERENCES

  1. Bayarre H, Pérez Piñero J, Menéndez Jiménez J. Las Transiciones Demográfi ca y Epidemiológica y la Calidad de Vida Objetiva en la Tercera Edad. [Internet] GEROINFO. 2006 [cited 2011 Feb 25];1(3). Available from: http://www .sld.cu/galerias/pdf/sitios/gericuba/las_ transiciones_demografica_y_epidemio logica_y_la_calidad_de_vida_objetiva_en_la_ter cera_edad.pdf. Spanish.

  2. ESHRE Capri workshop group. Fertility and ageing. Hum Reprod Update. 2005 May– Jun;11(3):261–76.

  3. Daar Abdallah S, Merali Z. Infertility and social suffering: the case of ART in developing countries. In: Vayena E, Rowe PJ, Griffi n JD, editors. Current practices and controversies in assisted reproduction: report of a WHO meeting on “Medical, Ethical and Social Aspects of Assisted Reproduction”. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2002. 404 p.

  4. Navarro D, Cardona D. Consecuencias hormonales del cese de la función reproductiva del ovario. In: Artiles L, Navarro D, Manzano B, editors. Climaterio y menopausia: Un enfoque desde lo social. Havana: Editorial Científi co Técnica; 2008. p. 147–65. Spanish.

  5. Pérez R. The Public Health Sector and Nutrition in Cuba. MEDICC Rev. 2009 Fall;11(4):6–8.

  6. Alfonso JC. Cuba: características sociodemográfi cas de las mujeres en la edad mediana. In: Artiles L, Manzano B, Navarro D, editors. Climaterio y menopausia: Un enfoque desde lo social. Havana: Editorial Científi co Técnica; 2007. Chapter 1 Spanish.

  7. Anuario Estadístico de Salud 2009. Datos demográfi cos [Internet]. Havana: Ministry of Public Health (CU); 2010 [cited 2011 Feb 21]. Available from: http://www.one.cu/pandem2009.htm. Spanish.

  8. Franz MB, Husslein PW. Obstetrical management of the older gravida. Women’s Health (Lond Engl). 2010 May;6(3):463–8.

  9. Buyuk E, Nejat E, Neal-Perry G. Determinants of female reproductive senescence: differential roles for ovary and the neuroendocrine axis. Semin Reprod Med. 2010 Sep;28(5):370–9.

  10. Neal-Perry G, Nejat E, Dicken C. The neuroendocrine physiology of female reproductive aging: An update. Maturitas. 2010 Sep;67(1):34–8.

  11. Sherman S. Defi ning the menopausal transition. Am J Med. 2005 Dec 19;118 Suppl 12B:3–7.

  12. Brann DW, Mahesh VB. The aging reproductive neuroendocrine axis. Steroids. 2005 Apr;70(4):273–83.

  13. Esposito MA, Coutifaris C, Barnhart KT. A moderately elevated day 3 FSH concentration has limited predictive value, especially in younger women. Hum Reprod. 2002 Jan;17(1):118–23.

  14. Brown JB. Types of ovarian activity in women and their signifi cance: the continuum (a reinterpretation of early fi ndings). Hum Reprod Update. 2011 Mar–Apr;17(2):141–58.

  15. Broekmans FJ, Soules MR, Fauser BC. Ovarian aging: mechanisms and clinical consequences. Endocr Rev. 2009 Aug;30(5):465–93.

  16. Mateo de Acosta O, Padrón R. Procederes diagnósticos: Evaluación del eje gonadal femenino. In: Mateo de Acosta O, editor. Normas de diagnóstico y tratamiento en Endocrinología. Havana: Editorial Científi co Técnica; 1988. Spanish.

  17. Consenso Cubano de Climaterio y Menopausia. Havana: Editorial Científi co-Técnica; 1999. p 6. Spanish.

  18. Wise PM, Smith MJ, Dubal DB, Wilson ME, Rau SW, Cashion AB, et al. Neuroendocrine modulation and repercussions of female reproductive aging [Internet]. Recent Prog Horm Res. 2002 [cited 2011 Feb 21];57:235–56. Available from: http:// rphr.endojournals.org/cgi/content/full/57/1/235

  19. Beemsterboer SN, Homburg R, Gorter NA, Schats R, Hompes PG, Lambalk CB. The paradox of declining fertility but increasing twinning rates with advancing maternal age. Hum Reprod. 2006 Jun;21(6):1531–2.

  20. Anuario Estadístico de Salud 2004 [Internet]. Havana: Ministry of Public Health (CU); 2005 [cited 2011 Sep 11]. Available from: http://bvs.sld .cu/cgi-bin/wxis/anuario/?IsisScript=anuario/ iah.xis&tag5003=anuario&tag5021=e&tag6000= B&tag5013=GUEST&tag5022=2004. Spanish.

  21. Wallace WHB, Kelsey TW. Human ovarian reserve from conception to the menopause. PLoS One. 2010 Jan 27;5(1): e8772.

  22. Buckler HM, Evans CA, Mamtorah H, Burger HG, Anderson DC. Gonadotropin, steroid and inhibin levels in women with incipient ovarian failure during anovulatory and ovulatory rebound cycles. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1991 Jan;72(1):116–24.

  23. Serdar E, Bulun YE, Adashi Y. Fisiología y Patología del eje reproductor femenino. Consecuencias de la Menopausia. In: Kronenberg HM, editor. Williams Tratado de Endocrinología. 11th ed. Spain: Elsevier; 2009. p. 549–622. Spanish.

  24. Cohen MA, Sauer MV. Fertility in perimenopausal women. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1998 Dec;41(4):958–65.

  25. Straube S, Voigt M, Jorch G, Hallier E, Briese V, Borchardt U. Investigation of the association of Apgar score with maternal socio-economic and biological factors: an analysis of German perinatal statistics. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2010 Aug;282(2):135–41.

  26. Navarro D, Santana F, Padrón R, Cabrera M. Hormonas del eje hipotálamo-hipófi sis gonadal y síndrome climatérico [Internet]. Rev Cubana Endocrinol. 2007 [cited 2011 Sep 15];18(3). Available from: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci _arttext&pid=S1561-29532007000300003&lng=e s&nrm=iso. Spanish.

  27. Lozano E, Padrón R, Seuc A. Gonadotropinas y sexoesteroides en mujeres posmenopáusicas del círculo de abuelos [Internet]. Rev Cubana Med Gen Integr. 1997 [cited 2011 Sep 15];13(5):489–93. Available from: http://scielo .sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0864 -21251997000500013&lng=es&nrm=iso. Spanish.

  28. Márquez A, Aldana D, González ME, Lang J, Pérez L, Valdés L, et al. Prevalencia de diabetes gestacional en un área de salud de Ciudad de la Habana. Rev A.L.A.D. 1996;4(2):75–80. Spanish.

  29. Hernández J, Hernández D, García L, Rendón S, Dávila B, Suárez R. Resultados perinatales y maternos de los embarazos en edad madura. Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol [Internet]. 2003 May–Aug [cited 2011 Sep 4];29(2). Available from: http://scielo.sld .cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0138 -600X2003000200002&lng=es. Spanish.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com