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2015, Number 4

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Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter 2015; 31 (4)

Clinical and laboratory features of autoimmune hemolytic anemia: a retrospective study of 15 cases

Gil AM, García MA, Arias GL, Romero GA, Cristo PV

Language: Spanish
References: 29
Page: 426-433
PDF size: 76.05 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a heterogeneous clinical picture characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against antigens present on the membrane of the patient's erythrocytes causing shortening of the average life.
Objective: To determine the clinical and laboratory autoimmune hemolytic anemias diagnosed in our hospital.
Methods: adescriptive, retrospective cohort study involving 15 patients with the diagnosis of AIHA was carried out at “Dr. Carlos J. Finlay” Central Military Hospital, between January, 2011 and December, 2013.
Results: the mean age of the patients was 34 - 75 years (median 59 years), 8 were female and 7 male; 87 % had idiopathic AIHA and 13 % secondary AIHA. Secondary hemolytic anemias were associated with systemic lupus erythematosus SLE (n = 1) and B-cell chronic (n = 1) lymphoid leukemia. There was severe anemia (median Hb. 69 g/L) of sudden onset in 40 %, insidious in 60 %, jaundice in 73%, splenomegaly in 13 % and diffuse joint pain in 20 % of patients. The direct Coombs test was positive in 14 patients. After a month of steroid treatment, 33% had a complete response, 40% partial response and 27 % did not respond.
Conclusions: this study shows the clinical and laboratory characteristics of a small number of adults cases with AIHA findings. Primary or idiopathic etiology was the most frequent but evolve evolving patients over time it is required requires patients and that as this entity may precede the onset of hematological malignancies or collagen diseases.


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