medigraphic.com
ISSN 1405-8871 (Print)

2016, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

Aten Fam 2016; 23 (1)

Social and Clinical Profile of Patients with Tuberculosis in a Family Medicine Unit in Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico

Hernández-Guerrero IA, Vázquez-Martínez VH, Guzmán-López F, Ochoa-Jiménez LG, Cervantes-Vázquez DA

Language: Spanish
References: 23
Page: 8-13
PDF size: 436.75 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective: to determine the clinical and social profile of patients with tuberculosis of the Family Medicine Unit no. 33 (umf) in Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico who went for consultation from 2008 to 2012. Methods: observational, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study, which objective was to determine the clinical and social profile of patients with tuberculosis of the no. 33 Unit. The collection of data was done with the “Epidemiological Study of Tuberculosis” and “Registration and Control Card” used in the national health system; the information was obtained from the clinical records from the preventive area. Complete records of patients who were on treatment from 2008 to 2012 were included. Those missing or incomplete records were excluded. The main studied variables studied were: place of birth, education, occupation, drug addictions, bacillary load at the time of diagnosis and co-morbidities, among others. The study followed the national and institutional research norms. Results: 169 records were included, of which 56% were men and 44% women. The mean age was 32 years, 18% of the participants had completed high school and 18% had completed junior high school. A third of the participants were born in Tamaulipas. The main occupation was machine operator in the manufacturing sector, followed by housewife with 22%. 94% had no addiction, 4% alcoholism and 1% smoking, 1% other drugs. The most frequent comorbidity was Diabetes Mellitus type 2, followed by hiv/aids and malnutrition. In 89% of the cases the diagnosis of tuberculosis was made in the outpatient medical unit through sputum smear examination. The first sign of the disease was coughing. A high percentage had total remission of the disease and 4% abandoned the treatment. Conclusions: primary care physicians diagnose 89% of the cases; there should be an emphasis on identifying the risk factors: migration, diabetes type 2 and make a search in any case of cough, since it is the main clinical manifestation of the disease.


REFERENCES

  1. Norma Oficial Mexicana nom-006SSA2-1993, para la prevención y control de la tuberculosis en la atención primaria a la salud, modificaciones. Publicada en el Diario Oficial de la Federación el martes 31 de octubre de 2000.

  2. Zaragoza-Bastida A, Hernández-Tellez M, Bustamante-Montes LP, Medina T, Jaramillo-Paniagua JN, Mendoza-Martínez GD, et al. Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Tuberculosis in the State of Mexico. Mexico Scientific World J. 2012;12:1-7.

  3. Baker M, Das D, Venugopal K, Howden-Chapman P. Tuberculosis associated with household crowding in a developed country. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2008;62(8):715-21.

  4. Castellanos-Joya M. Situación actual de la tuberculosis en México. Avances y desafíos. Presentación en el xv Curso de Actualización en el Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la Tuberculosis en el Niño y el Adulto. México D.F., 11-15 de junio de 2012.

  5. Guía de Práctica Clínica, Diagnóstico, y Tratamiento de Casos Nuevos de Tuberculosis Pulmonar. México: Secretaría de Salud; 2009 [Internet]. Disponible en: http://www.cenetec.salud.gob.mx/descargas/gpc/CatalogoMaestro/070_GPC_CasosnvosTBP/Tuberculosis_casos_nuevos_ER_CENETEC.pdf

  6. Eurosurveillance editorial team. who publishes Global tuberculosis report 2013. Euro Surveill. 2013;18.

  7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. cdc Health Disparities and Inequalities Report-United States, 2013. mmwr [Internet]. 2013;62(Suppl 3):151-4. Disponible en: http://origin.glb.cdc.gov/mmWR/pdf/other/su6203.pdf#page=151

  8. who. Tuberculosis global facts 2010/2011. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2010;18:197.

  9. Heredia-Navarrete MR, Puc-Franco M, Caamal-Ley A, Vargas-González A. Determinantes sociales relacionados con el tratamiento de tuberculosis en Yucatán, México. Rev Biomed. 2012;23:113-20.

  10. Deiss R, Garfein RS, Lozada R, Burgos JL, Brouwer KC, Moser KS, et al. Influences of cross-border mobility on tuberculosis diagnoses and treatment interruption among injection drug users in Tijuana, Mexico. Am J Public Health. 2009;99:1491-5.

  11. Sotelo-Heredia N, Salazar-Lezama MA. Tuberculosis y diabetes mellitus en la Jurisdicción Sanitaria Número 2 del estado de Guerrero. Una comunicación breve de un estudio descriptivo. Neumol Cir Torax. 2011;70(3):152-6.

  12. González-Hernández Y, Sada DE, Escabar-Gutiérrez A, Muños TM, Torres RM. Asociación de tuberculosis y diabetes mellitus: mecanismos inmunológicos involucrados en la susceptibilidad. Revista del Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias México. 2009;22(1):48-55.

  13. Restrepo BI, Camerlin AJ, Rahbar MH. Cross-sectional assessment reveals high diabetes prevalence among newly diagnosed tuberculosis cases. Bull World Health Organ. 2011;89:352-9.

  14. Salgado de Snyder V, González-Vázquez T, Bojorquez-Chapela L, Infante-Xibile C. Vulnerabilidad social, salud y migración México-Estados unidos. Salud Pública de México [Internet]. 2007;49:8-10. Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=10649004

  15. Pérez-Navarro L, Fuentes-Domínguez F, Morales-Romero J, Zenteno-Cuevas R. Factores asociados a tuberculosis pulmonar en pacientes con diabetes mellitus de Veracruz, México. Gac Med Mex. 2011;147:219-25.

  16. Garfein RS, Laniado-Laborin R, Rodwell TC, Lozada R, Deiss R, et al. Latent tuberculosis among persons at risk for infection with HIV, Tijuana, Mexico. Emerging infectious diseases. 2010;16:757-63.

  17. López DE, Melgarejo-Hernández MA, Aguilar-Salinas CA. La diabetes tipo 2 y la tuberculosis en México: la confluencia de dos retos para el sistema de salud. Acta Médica Grupo Ángeles. 2012;10(4):186-95.

  18. Leegaard A, Riis A, Kornum JB, et al. Diabetes, glycemic control, and risk of tuberculosis: a population-based case-control study. Diabetes Care. 2011;34(12):2530-5.

  19. World Health Organization. Improving the diagnosis and treatment of smear-negative pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis among adults and adolescents recommendations for HIV-1-prevalent and resource-constrained settings [Internet]. 2006; [Citado 2009 Sep 7]. Disponible en: http://www.who.int/tb/publications/2006/tbhiv_recommendations.pdf

  20. Lopez De Fede A, Stewart JE, Harris MJ, Mayfield-Smith K. Tuberculosis in socio-economically deprived neighborhoods: missed opportunities for prevention. The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease: the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2008;12(12):1425-30.

  21. Jeon CY, Murray MB. Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of active tuberculosis: a systematic review of 13 observational studies. PLoS Med [Internet]. 2008;5(7):e152. Disponible en: doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050152

  22. Shen X, Xia Z, Li X, Wu J, Wang L, Li J, et al. Tuberculosis in an urban area in China: differences between urban migrants and local residents. PLoS One [Internet]. 2012;7:e51133. Disponible en: doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051133

  23. Hill PC, Jackson-Sillah D, Donkor SA, Otu J, Adegbola RA, Lienhardt C. Risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis: a clinic-based case control study in The Gambia. bmc Public Health [Internet]. 2006;6:7. Disponible en: http://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-6-156




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com