medigraphic.com

2003, Number 3

<< Back Next >>

Cir Cir 2003; 71 (3)

Association of physiologic responses to metabolic changes in exhaustive physical exercise

Sánchez-González J, Rivera-Cisneros A, Tovar JL

Language: Spanish
References: 37
Page: 217-225
PDF size: 194.40 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The purpose of this work was to identify changes in some hematic variables in recreational athletes of middle level competition exposed to exhaustive physical exercise, as well as the association among physiologic changes, personal characteristics, and physical level produced by marathon running. Ten healthy males participated (20-55 years of age). Blood cell count, blood chemistry, lipids, and enzymes were determined. Exercise produced hemoconcentration by reduction in plasma volume (8%; p < 0.05). There was significant increment in leukocytes (149%) by neutrophilia (64%) and decrease in lymphocytes (74%). Fibrinogen increased 10.7% (p < 0.05). Lipids (CT, C-HDL) did not modify, except C-LDL, wich increased significantly (71%), attributing this response to stress of the marathon. Triglyceride decreased 47%. Enzymes increased significantly, particularly CK. Age and physical activity were related with physiologic and metabolic variables, as demonstrated by multivariate analysis. These data contributed to new knowledge in physiologic responses of our ethnic race when exposed to exhaustive exercise such as a marathon. To these results new approaches of risk and different schedules of intervention programs could be generated for better and effective practice of physical exercise in our population.


REFERENCES

  1. Maron MB, Horvarth SW. The marathon: a review. Med Sci Sports 1978;10:137-150.

  2. Wyndham CH. Heat strokes and hyperthermia in marathon runners. Ann New York Acad Sci 1977;301:128-139.

  3. Sjodin B, Svedenhag J. Applied physiology marathon running. Sports Med 1985;2:83-99.

  4. Hanson PG. Exertional heatstroke in novice runners. JAMA 1979;242:154-157.

  5. Franklin BA, Blair SN, Haskell WL, Thompson PD, Van Camp SP. Exercise and cardiac complications. Do the benefits outweigh the risks? Phys Sposrts Med 1994;22:56-68.

  6. ACSM: position papers of the American College of Sports Medicine. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA, USA: ACSM; 1985.pp:1-44.

  7. Hanson PG. Heat injury in runners. Phys Sports Med 1979;7:91-96.

  8. Noble HB, Bachman D. Medical aspects of distance race. Phys Sports Med 1979;7:78-84.

  9. Hubbard RW, Armstrong LE. Hyperthermia: new thoughts on an old problem. Phys Sports Med 1989;17:97-113.

  10. Roberts WO. Exercise-associated collapse in endurance events: a classification system. Phys Sports Med 1989;17:49-55.

  11. Sparling PB, Nieman DC, O’Connor M. Selected scientific aspects of marathon racing. Sports Med 1993;15:116-132.

  12. Milvy P. The marathon: physiological, medical, epidemiological and psychological studies. Ann New York Acad Sci 1977;301:1-1090.

  13. Jackson AS, Pollock ML. Practical assessment of body composition. Phys Sports Med 1985;13:76-90.

  14. Astrand PO, Rodhal K. Textbook of work physiology. 2nd ed. New York, NY, USA Academic Press;1978.

  15. Díaz FJ, Rivera AE, López MG, García MR, López H. Efectos de un programa de ejercicio aeróbico y dieta sobre la composición corporal y función cardiovascular en obesos. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex 1986;56:527-533.

  16. Watson D. A simple method for the determination of serum cholesterol. Clin Chem Acta 1960;5:637-643.

  17. Wahlefeld AU, Bergmeyer B. Methoden der enzimatischen analyse. Edited by Chem Univ Manual Series Vol. II. 3rd ed Munchën, Mn Germany 1974;1878.

  18. López-Virella MF, Stonese P, Ellis SH, Colwell T. Cholesterol determination in high-density lipoproteins separated by three different methods. Clin Chem 1977;23:882-884.

  19. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Frederickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low density lipoproteins separated by three different methods. Clin Chem 1972;23:499-509.

  20. Dill DB, Costill DL. Calculations of percentage changes in volumes of blood, plasma and red cells in dehydration. J Appl Physiol 1974;37:247-248.

  21. Rivera AE, Díaz FJ, Guerrero H, García MR, Negrete MC, Mendiola C. Efecto de la postura corporal sobre la concentración de los lípidos séricos. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex 1989;59:29-34.

  22. Díaz FJ, Rivera AE, García MR, Sotelo F. Plasma volume changes related to posture and mode of maximal exercise (abstract 110). Med Sci Sports Exerc 1993;25:s20.

  23. Coggan AR, Coyle EF. Carbohydrate ingestion during prolonged exercise: effects on metabolism and performance. Exercise Sports Sciences Rev 1991;19:1-40.

  24. Costill DL, Kammer WF, Fisher A. Fluid ingestion during distance running. Arch Environmen Health 1970;21:520-525.

  25. Gisolfi CV, Duchman SM. Guidelines for optimal replacement beverages for different athletic events. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1992;24:679-684.

  26. Nieman DC, Berk LS, Simpson-Westerberg W, Arabatzis K, Younberg W. Effects of long endurance running on immune system parameters and lymphocyte function in experienced marathoners. Int J Sports Med 1989;10:317-323.

  27. Berk LS, Nieman DC, Youngber WS, Arabatzis T, Simpson-Westberg W, et al. The effect of long endurance running on natural killer cells in marathoners. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1990;22:207-212.

  28. McLane LA, Rivera AE, López H, et al: Efecto del ejercicio físico prolongado (maratón), sobre volumen plasmático, glóbulos blancos y electrolitos séricos. Memorias del Congreso Nacional de Ciencias Fisiológicas de México, 1985;XXVIII:126.

  29. Cortés JM, García MR, Sotelo F, et al. Dinámica de las células sanguíneas en mujeres sometidas a ejercicio físico submáximo. Memorias del Congreso Nacional de Ciencias Fisiológicas 1989;XXXII:C-40.

  30. Cruz M, Velasco E, Kumate J. Señales intracelulares que intervienen en el control de la glucosa. Gac Med Mex 2001;137(2):135-146.

  31. Reaven GM, Reaven EP. Effect of age on various aspects of glucose metabolism. Mol Cell Biochem 1980;31:851-885.

  32. Richards D, Richard R, Schofield PJ, Ross V. Biochemical and haematological changes in Sydney’s the Sun City-to-Surf for Runners. Med J Aust 1979;3:449-453.

  33. Maron MB, Horvarth SM, Wilkerson JE. Acute blood biochemical alterations in response to marathon running. Eur J Appl Physiol 1975;15:173-180.

  34. Rivera AE, Díaz FJ, López H, et al. Efecto del ejercicio físico máximo sobre los niveles de glucosa y lactato sanguíneo en sujetos físicamente activos y sedentarios. Memorias del Congreso Nacional de Ciencias Fisiológicas de México 1985;XXVIII:128.

  35. Costill DL. Physiology of marathon running. JAMA 1972;221:1024-1029.

  36. Newsholme EA. Control of metabolism and the integration of fuel supply for the marathon runner. In: Knutgen L, Vogel P, Poortmans R Editors. Biochemestry of exercise. Champaign, IL, USA: Human Kinetics Publishers;1983.pp:40-48.

  37. Márquez S, Rivera AE, López H, et al. Requerimientos energéticos de cuatro corredores compitiendo en una prueba de Maratón a altitud moderada. Memorias del Congreso Nacional de Ciencias Fisiológicas de México 1985;XXVIII:128.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com